Neoliberal Birey ve Özbakım Emeği

Yaklaşık olarak son kırk yıla damgasını vuran küresel neoliberal politikalar dev- letin sosyal hizmetler konusundaki rolünü ortadan kaldırarak, sosyal hizmetlerin önemli bir parçası olan bakım hizmetlerini bireyin sorumluluğuna indirgemiştir. Özellikle özbakıma ilişkin faaliyetlerin büyük ölçüde sosyal politikalar ve kamu- sal hizmetler alanından özel alana aktarılması özellikle emeğin yeniden üretimini emeğin kendisine devretmektedir. Sosyal hizmetlerin önemli bir parçasını oluş- turan sağlık ve eğitim gibi alanların eşit ve ücretsiz kamu hizmetleri olmaktan çıkarak piyasalaşmasının bakım emeği üzerindeki doğrudan etkisi yadsınamaz olmakla beraber bakım emeğinin metalaşmasının önemli bir yönü de neolibe- ralizmin yurttaş üzerinde oluşturduğu özbakım zorunluluğu, sağlık, esenlik ve mutluluğun kişinin kendi çabalarıyla ulaşabileceği hedefler olarak sunulması ve özbakımın beşeri sermayeyi artırmaya dönük bir kişisel gelişim düsturu haline gelmesidir. Bu çalışma neoliberal özne kurgusunun gelişimi, özbakımın bu kur- gudaki yeri ve söz konusu kurgunun bir ideolojik taşıyıcısı olarak pozitif psikolo- jinin önermelerini tartışmaya sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Neoliberal individual and selfcare labor

Global neoliberal policies which have made its mark for approximately the last forty years have annihilated state’s role on social services and have reduced care services that are a fundamental part of social services to the individual level. The transfer of in particular self-care related activities from the domain of social policies and public services to the private sphere outsources the reproduction of labour to the labour itself. Despite the undeniable direct effect of the mar- ketization and the ceasing of health and education domains that comprise a large portion of social services being equal and free public services, another important aspect of the commodification of care work is neoliberalism’s imper- ative for self-care for citizens, the presentation of health, wellbeing and happi- ness as targets that can be reached by the person’s own efforts, and the turning of self-care into a maxim for personal development in an attempt to increase human capital. This study aims to present the development of the neoliberal subject construct, the place of self-care in this construct and the postulates of positive psychology as an ideological carrier of the aforementioned construct.

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