Kenan SEVİNÇ

8186

DEHŞET YÖNETİMİ KURAMI AÇISINDAN ÖLÜM KAYGISININ İNGİLTERE’DE MÜSLÜMANLARA YÖNELİK TUTUMLARIN ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

İngiltere, Avrupa’da en fazla Müslüman nüfusa sahip ülkelerden biridirve ülkede Müslümanlara yönelik olumsuz tutumlar giderek artmaktadır. Ya-bancılara yönelik bu olumsuz tutumların birçok farklı psikolojik nedeni bu-lunmaktadır. Dehşet Yönetimi Kuramı kapsamında yapılan çeşitli araştırma-lar, bu nedenlerden birisinin bireylere ölümün hatırlatılması olduğunu iddiaetmektedir. Bu kurama göre, hayatta kalmak gibi güçlü bir motivasyona sahipolan insan aynı zamanda bu çabalarının bir gün başarısız olacağını bilir veölüm kaygısı yaşar. Ölümün hatırlatıldığı bireyler, ölüm kaygısının üstesin-den gelmek için kendi kültürlerine yöneldiklerinde, diğer kültürlere yani dışgruplara veya onların üyelerine karşı önyargı geliştirirler veya onlara karşıolumsuz tutumlar edinirler. Bu iddianın test edilmesi için 2018 yılı içerisindeİngiltere’de 50 kişinin katılımıyla bir deney gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deney grubu-na ölümü hatırlatıcı video izlettirilmiş; daha sonra deney ve kontrol gruplarınaMüslümanlara yönelik tutumları ölçen sorular yöneltilmiştir. Elde edilen veri-ler analiz edildiğinde, ölümün hatırlatıldığı bireylerin (deney grubu), Müslü-manlara yönelik tutumlarının, diğer bireylerden (kontrol grubu) daha olumsuzolduğu tespit edilmiştir.

The Effect of Death Anxiety on Attitudes towards Muslims in the UK: A Terror Management Theory Perspective

The United Kingdom is one of the countries with the highest Muslim population in Europe and in the UK, negative attitudes and discrimination against Muslims are increasing in parallel with the rise of far right in all around Europe. There are many different psychological reasons for negative attitudes towards foreigners and especially towards Muslims. The main purpose of this article is to contribute to the literature on the psychological bases of Islamophobia. Various researches conducted within the framework of the Terror Management Theory claim that one of psychological causes of Islamophobia is the the mortality salience. According to the theory, human with a strong motivation to survive knows that one day all his efforts will fail and he will die. This creates a death anxiety. In order to get rid of this anxiety, the individual turns his face to his culture or world view and begins to defend it strongly. Individuals, whose deaths are reminded, develop prejudice or develop negative attitudes toward other cultures, ie, outgroups or towards their members, when they turn to their own culture to deal with the anxiety. In order to test this claim, an experiment was conducted with participation of 50 people in the UK in 2018. The participants were divided into two groups as experimental and control groups. In order to examine the effect of the mortality salience on the attitudes towards Muslims, the experimental group was shown a video about death, and then, both groups were asked questions that measured attitudes towards Muslims. As a result of the experiment, it has been found that the attitudes of participants (experimental group) to whom the death was reminded, towards Muslims are more negative than the attitudes of other participants (control group).
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Dini Araştırmalar-Cover
  • ISSN: 1301-966X
  • Yayın Aralığı: 2
  • Başlangıç: 1998
  • Yayıncı: MOTİF YAYINCILIK
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