Türkiye’de Sağlık Çevirmenleri Üzerine Oluşturulan Söylemin Işığında “Interpreter of Maladies” Öyküsüne Bakış: Çevirmen mi, Dert Yorumcusu mu?

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de sağlık çevirmenliğine ilişkin olarak yürütülen akademik çalışmalarda inşa edilen çevirmen imgesinin ışığında, Jhumpa Lahiri’nin (1999) “Interpreter of Maladies” adlı öyküsünde kurgulanan çevirmen imgesine bakmaktır. 2000 yılında “Dert Yorumcusu” başlığıyla Türkçeye çevrilen öyküde, çevirmenliğin görev tanımı ve kapsamı kurgusal düzeyde sorgulanmakta ve çevirmenden beklenen sorunları çözmek, uzlaşma sağlamak ve/veya taraf olmak gibi birtakım rollerin arabuluculuk kapsamında ele alınması gerektiğine işaret edilmektedir. Çalışma, Türkiye’de sağlık alanında çalışan çevirmenlere ilişkin olarak akademik söylemler yoluyla oluşturulan çevirmen imgesi ile Lahiri’nin öyküsünde inşa edilen çevirmen imgesini karşılaştırmaktadır. İltica ve göçler nedeniyle günlük hayatın olağan bir parçası haline gelen çevirmenlerin sinema ve yazın eserlerinde görünürlük kazanması, çeviribilimcilerin bu alanlarda inşa edilen çevirmen imgesini araştırmasına neden olmuştur çünkü sinema ve yazın eserleri toplumda yaratılan çevirmen imgelerinden beslenmektedir. Kurgusal olarak inşa edilen çevirmen imgeleri; çeviri müdahaleleri, çevirmenin yazılı veya sözlü metne sadakati, çevirmen ve yazar arasındaki güç çatışması, cinsiyet rollerinin çevirmen üzerindeki etkisi gibi konuları tartışmaya açarak çeviribilim alanında bu konularla ilgili olarak ortaya çıkan yaklaşımlara alternatif bir bakış açısı getirmektedir. Çalışma, öyküde kurgulanan müdahil çevirmen imgesinin, Türkiye’de sağlık çevirmenliğinin kültürlerarası arabuluculuk faaliyetlerini de kapsaması nedeniyle hasta yararı gözetilerek tarafsız davranılamadığına ilişkin söylemler doğrultusunda ortaya çıkan çevirmen imgesiyle örtüştüğünü ifade etmektedir. Ayrıca, çoğu zaman tarafsızlık ve tarafgirlik arasında bir tercih yapan sağlık çevirmenine ilişkin olarak oluşturulan imgenin, öyküde kurgulanan arada kalmış çevirmen stereotipiyle de örtüştüğü sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

kurgusal çevirmen, kültürlerarası arabuluculuk, sağlık çevirmeni, çevirmen imgesi, Jhumpa Lahiri, fictional translator, intercultural mediation, healthcare interpreter, interpreter’s image

Reading the Short Story “Interpreter of Maladies” through the Lens of the Discourse on Healthcare Interpreters in Turkey: Interpreter or Trouble Shooter?

This study seeks to focus on the image of the fictional interpreter in Jhumpa Lahiri's (1999) "Interpreter of Maladies”, in parallel reading with various academic discourses on healthcare interpreters in Turkey. Translated into Turkish in 2000, Lahiri’s story hints at the fact that mediation differs from interpreting by virtue of its adjacent roles, such as conflict resolution, patient advocacy, and empowerment. Lahiri’s construction of the interpreter’s image in the story not only underpins various academic studies in Turkey concerning the difference between the profile of community interpreters and that of intercultural mediators, but also serves as a fruitful case in point to corroborate the ensuing image of healthcare interpreters. The fact that migration and displacement turned translators and interpreters into mundane figures of daily life, which has in turn led to the emergence of translators and interpreters as protagonists in literature and film, marks a symptomatic recurrence of fictional translators and interpreters in translation studies scholarship. The fictional translators and interpreters reflect how people consider such issues as manipulation, loyalty to the source text or speech, power struggles, the effect of gender roles on translation, and so forth. The present study concludes that the image of healthcare interpreters built by various academic discourses in Turkey dovetails with the image of the fictional interpreter in Lahiri’s short story in that interpreters oftentimes serve as patient advocates since interpreting in healthcare settings includes various roles subsumed under the profile of intercultural mediation. The study further notes that healthcare interpreters who straddle impartiality and advocacy tally with the stereotypical image of the interpreter in-between constructed in the story.

Keywords:

fictional translator, intercultural mediation, healthcare interpreter, interpreter’s image,

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