The Transformation of Occupational Structure and Chances for Mobility in Turkey in the Context of Studies on Social-Class Mobility

Bu çalışma mesleki yapının değişmesine bağlı olarak Türkiye'de toplumsal hareketlilik fırsatları ve örüntülerinde meydana gelmesi beklenebilecek değişmeleri incelemekte ve yorumlamaktadır. Bu inceleme için istihdam edilen olgusal veriler nüfus ve tarım sayımları sonuçlarından elde edilmiş olup, elde edilen sonuçlar sınai toplum imajları, diğer toplumlarda toplumsal hareketlilik hakkında yapılmış çalışmalar ile Türkiye'de kırsal dönüşüm ve göç hakkında yapılmış çalışmaların bulguları ile bağlantılı olarak yorumlanmaktadır. Bu veri ve olgulara dayalı olarak çalışma, mesleki yapının dönüşümünün Türkiye'de yukarı doğru toplumsal hareketlilik için yeni yollar ve fırsatlar yaratmış olmakla birlikte bu fırsatların eşit dağılmadığını ve bundan dolayı da toplumsal hareketlilik örüntülerinde toplumsal sınıflar arasındaki akışkanlığın artmasından çok giderek azalma ve kapanma eğilimlerinin daha belirgin olduğunu öne sürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Türkiye

Toplumsal-Sınıfsal Hareketlilik Çalışmaları Bağlamında Türkiye'de Mesleki Yapının Dönüşümü ve Toplumsal Hareketlilik Fırsatları

This article makes an examination of the transformation of occupational structure and the major lines of development that can be expected to have taken place in the channels and the patterns of social-class mobility in Turkey. The data for this examination mainly come from general censuses of population and agriculture conducted by the State Institute of Statistics. This examination is placed in the context of images of industrial society, the findings of earlier research on social mobility in other countries and on the studies on rural transformation, migration and urbanization in Turkey. Depending on these data, the paper argues that although the transformation of the occupational structure has created novel chances and avenues for upward social-class mobility in the country, there is no indication that it has increased the level of fluidity between classes. On the contrary, an increased rigidity or class closure may be a more pronounced feature of the pattern of social mobility in Turkey.

Keywords:

Turkey,

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