Fitoöstrojenler: Yararlı mı, Zararlı mı?

Günümüzde birçok fitoöstrojen, endokrin bozucu olarak bilinmektedir. Çeşitli moleküler ve hücresel hedefler üzerinde, insanların ürettiği endokrin bozucu bileşiklerle benzer davranışlar göstermektedir. Ancak, genel halk ve klinisyenlerin tutumu, sentetik endokrin bozucular için olumsuz yönde iken, soya fitoöstrojenleri için genellikle pozitif yöndedir. Üstelik pestisitler, endüstriyel yağlar ve plastikleştiriciler gibi birçok sentetik endokrin bozucu bileşiklere maruziyet sıklıkla üreme sistemi sağlığında bozulma ve artmış kanser ve obezite oranıyla ilişkilendirilirken, fitoöstrojenlerin karsinogenezis, aterosklerozis ve osteoporozdan korunma ve tedavisini de kapsayan birçok yararlı etkiler sağladığına inanılmaktadır. Soya ve soya fitoöstrojenleri tüketiminin insan sağlığı üzerine etkilerini araştırmak için yapılan klinik ve deneysel çalışmalar, çelişkili sonuçlar ortaya koymuştur. Bu derleme, fitoöstojenlerin insan sağlığı üzerine kabul edilen yararlı etkilerinin yanısıra, olası sakıncalı etkilerini ortaya koyan çalışmaları özetlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Phytoestrogens: Beneficial or Detrimental?

Today, many phytoestrogens are known as endocrine disrupters. They exert similar effects to human-made endocrine disrupting compounds on a number of molecular and cellular targets. Artificial endocrine disrupting compounds are generally considered as negative, however soya phytoestrogens are recognized as positive by public and clinicians. Moreover, phytoestrogens are accepted to have beneficial effects on both protection and treatment of carcinogenesis, atherosclerosis and osteoporosis, while exposure to a number of artificial endocrine disrupting compounds; as pesticides, industrial oils and plastifiers are related to reproductive system disorders and increased cancer and obesity prevalences. Clinical and experimental studies examining the effects of soya and soya phytoestrogens consumption on human health revealed inconsistent results. This review aimed to summarize the studies demonstrating detrimental effects, besides the accepted beneficial effects of phytoestrogens on human health.

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