Öz This article deals with the problems of formation of quality labor resources in conditions of innovative development of the economy. On the basis of investigated experience of developed countries, the authors determined that the successful implementation of the program of innovative development of the state is possible in the presence of qualified labor resources for the preparation of which is necessary to modernize an existing system of the professional education. Economic development in the modern world is characterized by the defining role of technological progress. Innovative activity at the present stage of development becomes one of the most important system factors of economic growth, an increase of competitiveness of a domestic production, providing economic security of the country. Investigating Human Resource Management issues in Kazakhstan, this volume looks at the current state of Human Resource practice within Kazakhstan enterprises; its various problems and possible solutions. Following a detailed introduction into the current economic developments taking place in Kazakhstan, the article examines the new role of the Human Resource department in Kazakhstan enterprises, and the influence of national politics on Human Resource practice. The paper identifies positive and negative factors affecting the human potential of economic sectors of Kazakhstan. The authors disclosed structural elements of human potential: basic capacity and technological potential. The paper defines a set of target indicators influencing the formation of elements of human resources in the country. Also on the basis of the research, conclusions and offers, the recommendations for the involvement and training of qualified personnel for the innovation economy, which have scientific and practical value.