Hegemon Güce Meydan Okuma: Irak İslam Devrimi Yüksek Konseyi ve ABD'nin Irak Politikası

Bu makalede ABD’nin Irak’taki dinci Şii partilerinden biri olan Irak İslam (Devrimi) Yüksek Konseyi (IİDYK-IİYK) ile özel ilişkisi tartışılmaktadır. IİDYK’nın ideolojik mirası incelenmekte, özellikle IİDYK’nın uzun süredir İran’ın “üstün liderlerine” boyun eğmeyi ilke olarak benimsemesi üzerinde durulmaktadır. Daha sonra ABD’nin 2003’ten sonra Irak’ta kendisine “gözde ortak” olarak buradaki siyasi partilerin en İran yanlısı olanını seçmesinin altındaki nedenler tartışılmaktadır. IİDYK bu konuma gelmeyi süper gücün Irak siyasi sahnesini “etnisite-mezhepcilik” üzerinden okumasından yararlanarak, Vaşington ile temaslarında daima ustaca davranarak, ABD’nin Şiilikte güç mekanizmalarının nasıl işlediği konusunda bilgi sahibi olmayışını kullanarak ve İran ile bağlarını ne denli ısrarla sürdürdüğünü gizleyerek başarmıştır. Bu manevralar sonucunda Bush yönetimi Irak’taki diğer Şii partilerini -tarihsel açıdan bunların Irak milliyetçiliği çok daha inandırıcıdır- bir kenara bırakarak uzun vadede muhtemelen İran’ın bu ülkedeki nüfuzunun kayda değer çapta artmasına yol açacak cinsten bir ortaklık kurmuştur.

Challenging Hegemonic Power: Scri and the U.S. Policy in Iraq

This article discusses the historical development of the United States’ special relationship with the Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq (SCIRI/SIIC), one of the Shiite religious parties of Iraq. It surveys SCIRI’s ideological heritage, with particular emphasis on SCIRI’s longstanding principle of subordination to the supreme leaders of Iran. The article then goes on to discuss the modalities by which the United States came to choose the most pro-Iranian of the Iraqi political parties as its preferred partner in Iraq after 2003. SCIRI managed to achieve this status by playing on the superpower’s predilection for an “ethno-sectarian” reading of Iraqi politics, by emphasising professionalism in all its dealings with Washington, by exploiting the United States’ lack of knowledge about how power works in Shiism, and by downplaying camouflaging the persistence of its ties to Iran. As a result of these manoeuvres, the Bush administration has chosen to sideline the other Iraqi Shiite parties (which historically have far stronger Iraqi nationalist credentials), and has ended up with a partnership which in the long term will probably mean a marked strengthening of Iranian influence in Iraq.

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ISSN: 1302-5678
Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
Başlangıç: 1994
Yayıncı: Avrasya Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi

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