Organik Besinlerin Kalitesi

Organik hayvansal üretimle, hayvan ve halk sağlığının korunması, çevre kirliliğinin önlenmesine katkı sağlanması, hayvanların yaşam standartlarının yükseltilmesi ve iyi kaliteli besin üretimi amaçlanmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, organik besinlerin konvansiyonel yöntemle üretilenlere nazaran, duyusal açıdan veya besin kalitesi yönünden daha üstün olduğu tam olarak ifade edilememektedir. Ayrıca, organik besinlerin mikrobiyolojik ve mikotoksinler yönünden, daha güvenilir olduğu da belirtilememektedir. Ancak, organik besinlerin, konvansiyonel üretilenlere nazaran, bazı kimyasal maddeleri (örn., pestisit ve veteriner ilaç kalıntıları) daha az içerdiği net bir şekilde açıklanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Organik tarım, besin kalitesi, kalıntı

PDF

___

Abell, A., Ernst, E., Bonde, J.P. (1994). High sperm density among members of organic farmers’ association. Lancet 343, 1498.
Aksoy, U. (2003). Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de ekolojik tarım. Bitki Koruma Programı ve Uygulama Prensipleri, Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, Koruma Kontrol Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
Bishop, B. (1988). Organic food in cancer therapy. Nutr. Health, 6: 105-109.
Branscheid, W. (1996). Zur Qualitat von Fleisch und Milch Ansprüche der Verbraucher und Maßnahmen der Tierproduktion. Ber. Ldw., 74: 103-117.
Conklin, N., Thompson, G. (1993). Product quality in organic and conventional produce: is there a difference? Agribusiness, 9 (3): 295-307.
Couzin, J. (1998). Cattle diet linked to bacterial growth. Science 281: 1578-1579.
Diez-Gonzalez, F., Callaway, T.R., Kizoulis, M.G., Russell, J.B. (1998). Grain feeding and the dissemination of acid-resistant Escherechia coli from cattle. Science 281: 1666-1668.
Dixon, B. (2001). Natural might not be healthier. The Lancet, Infectious Diseases Vol 1 December, 360.
Europa (2001). L’agriculture biologique dans l’UE: faits et chiffres. http: / / europa.eu.int /
FAO (2000). Twenty-second FAO Regional Conference for Europe. Food safety and quality as affected by organic farming. Porto, Portugal, 24-28 July 2000 (report).
Gruner, K., Hull, J.H. (1995) Values, environmental attitudes and buying of organic foods. J. Econ. Psycho, 16: 39- 62.
Hansson, I., Hamilton, C., Ekman, T., Forslund, K. (2000). Carcass quality in certified organic production compared with conventional livestock production. J. Vet. Med., 47: 111-120.
Hauert, W. (1990). Hygienische Risiken von Rohmilch aus biologischem Anbau und daraus hergestellten Produkten. Mittb. Gebiete Lebensm. Hyg. 81: 616-632.
Heaton, S. (2003). Organic Food and Health: The Evidence. http://www. positivehealth.com /permit /Articles/ Organic%20and%20Vegetarian/ Organic.htm
Hole, D.G., Perkins, A.J., Wilson, J.D., Alexander, I.H., Grice, P.V., Evans, A.D. (2005). Does organic farming benefit biodiversity? Biological Conservation, 122: 113-130.
Honikel, K.O. (1998). Quality of ecologically produced foods of animal origin. Dtsch. Tierarztl. Wschr., 105: 327-329.
Hornick, S.B. (1992). Factors affecting the nutritional quality of crops. Am. J. Altern. Agric., 7: 63-69.
IFST (2001). Organic food. Site internet de l’Institute of Food Science and Technology (UK): http: / / www.ifst.org /
INC (2001). La perception de la qualite alimentaire par les consommateurs. Site internet de l’Institut National de la Consommation: http: / /www.inc60.fr/
IFOAM (2002). Basic standards for organic production and processing, International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements,
Jensen, T.K., Giwercman, A., Carlsen, E., Scheike, T., Skak, kebaek, N.E. (1996). Semen quality among members of organic food associations in Zealand, Denmark. Lancet 347, 1844.
Juhler, R.K., Larsen, S.B., Meyer, O., Jensen, N.D., Spano, M Giwercman, A., Bonde, J.P. (1999). Human semen quality in relation to dietary pesticide exposure and organic diet. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 37: 415-423.
Kirk, J., Slade, K. (2002). An investigation into UK consumer perception of organic lamb. In: Kyriazakis, Zervas (Eds.), Proceeding of Organic Meat and Milk from Ruminants, Athens, October 4-6, 2002, EAAP Publication, vol. 106, pp. 157-161.
Kouba, M. (2003). Quality of organic animal products. Livestock Production Science 80: 33-40.
Lampkin, N. (1990). Organic farming. In: Organic Farming. Farming Press, Ipswich, pp. 557-575.
Lund, P. (1991). Characterization of alternatively produced milk. Milchwissenschaft 46: 166-169.
Maxted-Frost, T. (2004). The Benefits of Organic Food Our right to eat uncontaminated food. http://www. positivehealth.com/ permit/Articles/ Organic%20and%20Vegetarian /frost47. htm.
Maruejouls, B., Goulard, F. (1999). Residus de pesticides dans le lait. Des resultats encourageants pour les produits de l’agricul ture biologique. Altern. Agric., 37: 10-13.
Morgan, K. And Murdoch, J. (2000). Organic vs conventional agriculture: knowledge, power and innovation in the food chain. Geoforum, 31: 159-173.
Nielsen, CP, Thierfelder, K., Robinson, S. (2003). Consumer preferences and trade in genetically modified foods. J. Policy Modelling, 25: 777-794.
Safron, L. (1999) Organic Food and Cancer Risk. http://www. positivehealth.com/ permit/ Articles/ Organic%20and%20Vegetarian/ safron30_p.htm
Sundrum, A. (2001). Organic Livestock Farming. A critical review. Livestock Production Sci., 67(3): 207-215.
Sundrum, A., Butfering, L., Henning, M., Hoppenbrock, K.H. (2000). Effects of on-farm diets for organic pig production on performance and carcass quality. J. Anim. Sci., 78: 1199 1205.
Svensson, C., Hessle, A., Hôglund, J. (2000). Parasite control methods in organic and conventional dairy herds in Sweden. Livestock Production Sci., 66: 57-69.
Sylvander, B. (1999). Les tendances de la consommation des produits biologiques en Europe: consequences sur les perspectives d’evolution du secteur (ISARA-Universite de Laval: organic agriculture faces it’s development; the future issues, Lyon, 6-8 December 1999).
WHO (1997). Conclusions of the joint FAO/IAEA/WHO study group on high dose irradiation. Weekly Epidemiological Record. 16 January 1998, 73rd year.
Woese, K., Lange, D., Boess, C., Bogl, K.W. (1997). A comparison of organically and conventionally grown foods. Results of a review of the relevant literature. J. Sci. Food Agric., 74: 281-293.