Pnömokok infeksiyonları ve korunma

Streptococcus pneumoniae, menenjit, pnömoni ve septisemi gibi invaziv hastalıkların, otitis media ve sinüzit gibi solunum yolu infeksiyonlarının önemli bir nedenidir. Antimikrobiyal tedavideki yeni gelişmelere ve uygun izleme rağmen pnömokoksik infeksiyonların morbidite ve mortalitesi halen yüksektir. Bunun yanısıra penisilin ve diğer kullanılan antibiyotiklere karşı direnç tüm dünyada önemli bir sorundur. Bu nedenle, son yıllarda pnömokoksik infeksiyonlardan korunma konusuna olan ilgi yoğunlaşmıştır. Bu yazıda, pnömokoksik infeksiyonlar, infeksiyon gelişiminde rol oynayan konak savunma mekanizmaları ve bakteriyel virülans faktörleri, kullanımda olan ve yeni geliştirilen pnömokok aşıları ve aşı stratejilerindeki yeni gelişmeler tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Pnömokok enfeksiyonları, Streptococcus pneumoniae

Pneumococcal infections and prevention

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of invasive diseases such as meningitis, pneumonia, septicaemia and respiratory tract infections like otitis media and sinusitis. Despite of the availability of excellent antimicrobial therapy and adequate health care systems, the morbidity and mortality of pneumococcal infections are still high. On the other hand, the emerging resistance to penicillin and other commonly used antibiotics has become a worldwide problem. Therefore, prevention of pneumococcal disease has become of great interest recently. In this article, pneumococcal infections, the role of host defence mechanisms and the bacterial virulence factors, the present knowledge on pneumococcal vaccines and the recent developments in novel vaccine strategies were discussed.

Keywords:

Pneumococcal Infections, Streptococcus pneumoniae,

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