Cüneyt EVREN, Müge BOZKURT, Arzu DEMİRCİ ÇİFTÇİ, Bilge EVREN, Yeşim CAN, Gökhan UMUT

Gender differences according to psychological and behavioral variables among 10 th grade students in Istanbul

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı İstanbul/Türkiyedeki 10. sınıf öğrencileri arasında psikolojik ve davranışsal özelliklere göre cinsiyet farklılıklarını belirlemekti. Yöntem: Özbildirime dayalı bu kesitsel ve online araştırma İstanbuldaki 15 ilçede yer alan 45 okulda yürütüldü. Soru formu demografik bilgileri ve okul yaşam ını içeriyordu. Ayrıca Ergenler için Ruhsal Sorunlar Tarama Ölçeğinin depresyon, anksiyete, öfke, yenilik arayışı, asertiflik eksikliği ve dürtüsellik alt ölçekleri kullanıldı. Analizler 4957 hasta üzerinden yapıldı. Sonuçlar: Erkeklerin oranı %52.7ydi (s=2614). Ortalama yaş, yenilik arayışı ve dürtüsellik puanları erkeklerde yüksekken; depresyon, anksiyete, öfke ve asertivite eksikliği kadınlarda yüksekti. Düşük okul başarısı, disiplin cezası, devamsızlık, 13 yaşından önce okuldan kaçma, bir arkadaştan fiziksel zarar görme, geçen sene içerisinde fiziksel bir kavgaya karışma, silah taşıma ve yasal sorunlar erkekler arasında daha fazlayken; intihar düşüncesi ve girişimi kadınlarda daha fazlaydı. Lojistik regresyon modelinde okulla ilişkili sorunlar (düşük okul başarısı, devamsızlık ve 13 yaşından önce okuldan kaçma), suça yönelik davranış (geçen sene içerisinde fiziksel bir kavgaya karışma, silah taşıma ve bir arkadaştan fiziksel zarar görme), yenilik arayışı ve düşük düzeyde depresyon, anksiyete, öfke, dürtüsellik, asertivite eksikliği ve intihar düşüncesi erkekleri kadınlardan ayırt eden özelliklerdi. Tartışma: Sonuçlar kadınlarda olasılıkla intihar düşüncesi ile de ilişkili olabilecek öfke, depresyon, anksiyete ve gibi psikolojik problemlerin daha fazla olduğunu; erkeklerde ise okulla ilişkili ve davranışsal sorunların daha yüksek düzeyde bulunduğunu göstermektedir. (Anadolu Psikiyatri

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