Sivas il merkezinde iki uçlu duygudurum bozukluğunun yaygınlığı, psikiyatrik eş tanıları ve hastaların yaşam kalitesi

Amaç: Bu alan çalışmasının amaçları Sivas il merkezinde iki uçlu duygudurum bozukluğunun (İUDB) yaygınlığını, psikiyatrik eş tanıları ve hastaların yaşam kalitesinin araştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: Çalışmanın örneklemini Sivas il merkezini temsil eden 510 hanedeki 1406 kişi oluşturdu. Örnekleme Sosyodemografik Bilgi DSM-IV Eksen I için Yapılandırılm ış Klinik Görüşme (SCID-I) Formu, DSM-III-R Yapılandırılm ış Klinik Görüşmesi (SCID-II) ve Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği Kısa Form (SF-36) uygulandı. Veriler ki-kare testi ve Mann Whitney U testleriyle değerlendirildi. Bulgular: İUDBnin yaşam boyu yaygınlığı %0.71, İUDB-Iin %0.43, İUDB-II ve siklotiminin %0.14 olarak bulundu. SCID-Ie göre hastaların %30unda anksiyete bozuklukları, SCID-IIye göre %50sinde kişilik bozuklukları eş tanısı saptandı. SF-36nın fiziksel rol güçlüğü, genel sağlık, sosyal işlevsellik ve emosyonel rol güçlüğü alt ölçek puanları hastalarda anlamlı düzeyde daha düşük bulundu. Tartışma: İUDBnin yaygınlığı ve psikiyatrik eş tanı diğer ülkelerin değerlerine benzerdi. İUDB, hastaların yaşam kalitesini olumsuz olarak etkilemektedir. Alan çalışmasının Türkiyeyi temsil eden bir örneklemle yapılması yararlı bilgiler verebilir. (Anadolu Psychiatry Derg 2015; 16(2):85-94)

Prevalence, psychiatric comorbidity, and quality of life in patients with bipolar disorder in Sivas province

Objective: The aims of this field research are to investigate the prevalence rates, psychiatric comorbidity, and quality of life in patients with bipolar disorders (BD) in Sivas province. Methods: One thousand and four hundred- six people from 510 houses that represent of Sivas province constituted the sample of this research. Sociodemographic Information Form, Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Clinical Version (SCID-I), Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Axis II Personality (SCID-II), and 36-Item Short-Form Quality of Life (SF-36) were applied to the sample. Data are evaluated using chi-square test and Mann Whitney U test. Findings: The lifetime prevalence rate of BD was 0.71%, for BD-I was 0.43%, for BD-II and cyclothymic disorder was 0.14%. According to SCID-I, anxiety disorders (psychiatric comorbidity) was found to be 30% of patients, and personality disorder was found to be 50% according to SCID-II. The points of physical role difficulties, general health, social functionality, and emotional role difficulties subscales of SF-36 were found significantly lower in patient group than control group. Discussion: The prevalence and psychiatric comorbidity was similar to other countries. BD has been affected quality of life of patients as negative. It may given useful knowledge that a field research with represented Turkey. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2015; 16(2):85-94)

PDF

___

1. Schaffer A, Carney J, Cheung A, Veldhuizen S, Levitt A. Community survey of bipolar disorder in Canada: lifetime prevalence and illness charac- teristics. Can J Psychiatry 2006; 51:9-16.
2. Morgan VA, Mitchell PB, Jablensky AV. The epi- demiology of bipolar disorder: sociodemographic, disability and service utilization data from the Australian National Study of Low Prevalence (psychotic) Disorders. Bipolar Disord 2005; 7:326- 337.
3. Doğan O. Psikiyatrik epidemiyoloji ve önemi. O Doğan (Ed.), Psikiyatrik Epidemiyoloji, İzmir: Ege Psikiyatri Yayınları, 2002, s.7-14.
4. Doğan O. Psikiyatrik Epidemiyoloji. Sivas: Esform Ofset, 2011.
5. Gelder M, Mayou R, Cowen P. Shorter Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry. New York: Oxford Univer- sity Press, 2001, p.118-121.
6. Rihmer Z, Angst J. Duygudurum bozuklukları: Epidemiyoloji. BJ Sadock, VA Sadock (Eds.), Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, H Aydın, A Bozkurt (Çev. Eds.), sekizinci baskı, Ankara: Güneş Kitabevi, 2007, s.1575-1582.
7. Maj M, Akiskal HS, Lopez-Ibor JJ, Sartorius N. İki Uçlu Bozukluk. ET Oral (Çev.), İstanbul: CSA Medikal Yayın, 2003.
8. Angst J. The emerging epidemiology of hypo- mania and bipolar II disorder. J Affect Disord 1998; 50:143-151.
9. Szadocky E, Papp Z, Vitrai J, Rihmer Z, Fueredi J. The prevalence of major depressive and bipolar disorders in Hungary: results from a national epidemiologic survey. J Affect Disord 1998; 50:153-162.
10. Carta MG, Angst J. Epidemiological and clinical aspects of bipolar disorders: controversies or a common reed to redefine the aims and methodlogical aspects of surveys. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2005; 4:1-4.
11. Bijl RV, Ravelli A, van Zessen G. Prevalence of psychiatric disorder in the in the general popula- tion: results of the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS). Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1998; 33:587-595.
12. Merikangas KR, Akiskal HS, Angst J, Greenberg PE, Hirschfeld RM, Petukhova M, et al. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of bipolar spectrum disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey repli- cation. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2007; 64:543-552.
13. Lish JD, Dime-Meenan S, Whybrow PC, Price RA, Hirschfeld RMA. The National Depressive and Manic-Depressive Association survey of bipolar members. J Affect Disord 1994; 31:281-294.
14. Kawa I, Carter JD, Joyce PR, Doughty CJ, Framp- ton CM, Wells JE, et al. Gender differences in bipolar disorder: age of onset, course, comorbidity and symptom presentation. Bipolar Disord 2005; 7:119-125.
15. Kroon JS, Wohlfarth TD, Dieleman J, Sutterland AL, Storosum JG, Denys D, et al. Incidence rates and risk factors of bipolar disorder in the general population: a population-based cohort study. Bipolar Disord 2013; 15:306-313.
16. Chengappa NKR, Levine J, Gershon S, Kupfer DJ. Lifetime prevalence of substance or alcohol abuse and dependence among subjects with bipolar I and II disorders in a voluntary registry. Bipolar Disord 2000; 2:191-195.
17. Tamam L. Bipolar bozukluk ile anksiyete bozuklu- ğu birlikteliği: Bir gözden geçirme. Türk Psikiyatri Derg 2007; 18:59-71.
18. Freeman MP, Freeman SA, McElroy SL. The comorbidity of bipolar and anxiety disorders: prevalence, psychobiology, and treatment issues. J Affect Disord 2002; 68:1-23.
19. Regier DA, Farmer ME, Rae DS, Locke BZ, Keith SJ, Judd LL, et al. Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. JAMA 1990; 264:2511-2518.
20. Brieger P, Ehrt U, Marneros A. Frequency of co- morbid personality disorders in bipolar and uni- polar affective disorders. Compr Psychiatry 2003; 44:28-34.
21. Sjastad HN, Grawe RW, Egeland J. Affective disorders among patients with borderline persona- lity disorder. PLoS One 2012; 7(12):e50930.
22. Ünal A, Kuloğlu M, Atmaca M, Geçici Ö, Tezcan E. Bipolar bozukluğa eşlik eden eksen I ve eksen II tanıları. Türkiye'de Psikiyatri 2007; 9:18-25.
23. Dubowsky SL, Davies R, Dubowsky AN. Mood disorders. RE Hales, SC Yudofsky (Eds.), Essen- tials of Clinical Psychiatry, second ed., Arlington: APP, 2004, p.243-338.
24. Yatham LN, Lecrubier Y, Fieve RR, Davis KH, Haris SD, Krishnan AA. Quality of life in patients with bipolar I depression: data from 920 patients. Bipolar Disord 2004; 6:379-385.
25. Ç ınar Z. Sivas İl Merkezinde Yapılacak Sağlık Araştırmalarında Kullanılmak Üzere Çeşitli Sayı ve Nitelikte Örnekleme Planının Geliştirilmesi. Yayımlanmam ış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1990.
26. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JBW. DSM-IV Eksen I Bozuklukları İçin Yapılandırılm ış Klinik Görüşme. A Çorapçıoğlu (Çev. Ed.), Anka- ra: Hekimler Yayın Birliği, 1999.
27. Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Gibbon M. DSM-III-R Yapılandırılm ış Klinik Görüşmesi Kişilik Bozukluk- ları Formu. S Sorias (Çev. Ed.), İzmir: Ege Üniver- sitesi Yayınları, 1990.
28. Aydemir Ö, Köroğlu E. Psikiyatride Kullanılan Kli- nik Ölçekler. Ankara: Hekimler Yayın Birliği, 2006.
29. Koçyiğit H, Aydemir Ö, Ölmez N, Memiş A. Kısa Form-36nın Türkçe versiyonunun güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği. İlaç ve Tedavi Dergisi 1999; 12:102- 106.
30. Kawakami N, Shimizu H, Haratani T, Iwata N, Kitamura T. Lifetime and 6-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in an urban com- munity in Japan. Psychiatric Res 2004; 121:293- 301.
31. Negash A, Alem A, Kebede D, Deyessa N, Shibre T, Kullgren G. Prevalence and clinical characteris- tics of bipolar I disorder in Butajira, Ethiopia: a community based study. J Affect Disord 2005; 87:193-201.
32. Goldney RD, Fisher LJ, Grande ED, Taylor AW. Bipolar I and II disorders in a random and repre- sentative Australian population. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2005; 39:726-729.
33. Subramaniam M, Abdin E, Vaingankar JA, Chong SA. Prevalence, correlates, comorbidity and sev- erity of bipolar disorder: results from the Singa- pore Mental Health Study. J Affect Disord 2013; 146:189-196.
34. Pini S, deQueiroz V, Pagnin D, Pesawas L, Angst J, Cassano GB, et al. Prevalence and burden of bipolar disorders in European countries. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2005; 15:425-434.
35. Regeer EJ, ten Have M, Rosso ML, van Roijen LH, Vallebergh W, Nolen WA. Prevalence of bipolar disorders in the general population: a re- appraisal study of the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study. Acta Psychiatr Scan 2004; 110:374-382.
36. ten Have M, Vollebergh V, Bijl R, Molen WA. Bipolar disorder in the general population in the Netherlands (prevalence, consequences and care utilisation): results from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS). J Affect Disord 2002; 68:203-213.
37. Waraich P, Goldner EM, Somers JM, Hsu L. Prevalence and incidence studies of mood disor- ders: a systematic review of the literature. Can J Psychiatry 2004; 49:124-138.
38. Stefansson JG, Lindal E, Björnsson JK, Guomundsdottir A. Lifetime prevalence of spesific mental disorders among people born in Iceland in 1931. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1991; 84:142-149.
39. Wells JE, Bushnell JA, Hornblow AR, Joyce PR, Oakley-Browne MA. Christchurch Psychiatric Epidemiology Study, Part I: methodology and life- time prevalence for spesific psychiatric disorders. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 1989; 23:315-326.
40. Kessler RC, Rubinow DR, Holmes C, Abelson JM, Zhau S. The epidemiology of DSM-III-R bipolar I disorder in a general population survey. Psychol Med 1997; 27:1079-1089.
41. Fogarty F, Russell JM, Newman SC, Bland RC. Epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in Edmon- ton. Mania. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1994; 89(Suppl.376):16-23.
42. Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Psychiat- ric Disorders Compendium 2006. Arlington: APA, 2007.
43. Marneros A. Mood disorders: epidemiology and natural history. Psychiatry 2006; 5:119-122.
44. Katzow JJ, Hsu DJ, Ghaemi SN. The bipolar spec- trum: a clinical perspective. Bipolar Disord 2003; 5:436-442.
45. Judd LL, Akiskal HS. The prevalence and disabi- lity of bipolar spectrum disorders in the US popula- tion: re-analysis of the ECA database taking in to account subthreshold cases. J Affect Disord 2003; 73:121-131.
46. Kessler RC, Akiskal HS, Angst J, Guyer M, Hirschfeld RMA, Merikangas KR, et al. Validity of the assessment of bipolar spectrum disorders in the WHO CIDI 3.0. J Affect Disord 2006; 96:259- 269.
47. Sadock BJ, Sadock VA. Kaplan&Sadocks Com- prehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. Eighth ed., Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams&Wilkins, 2005.
48. Sala R, Goldstein BI, Morcillo C, Liu SM, Castellanos M, Blanco C. Course of comorbid anxiety disorders among adults with bipolar disor- der in the U.S. population. J Psychiatr Res 2012; 46:865-872.
49. Koyuncu A, Tükel R, Ozyildirim I, Meteris H, Yazici O. Impact of obsessive-compulsive disorder co- morbidity on the sociodemographic and clinical features of patients with bipolar disorder. Compr Psychiatry 2010; 51:293-297.
50. McIntyre RS, Soczynska JK, Bottas A, Bordbar K, Konarski JZ, Kennedy SH. Anxiety disorders and bipolar disorder: a review. Bipolar Disord 2006; 8:665-676.
51. Regier DA, Farmer ME, Rae DS, Locke BZ, Keith SJ, Judd LL, et al. Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse: results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. J Am Med Assoc 1990; 264: 2511-2518.
52. Simon NM, Otto MW, Fischmann D, Racette S, Nierenberg AA, Pollack MH, et al. Panic disorder and bipolar disorder: anxiety sensitivity as a potential mediator of panic during manic states. J Affect Disord 2005; 87:101-105.
53. Simon NM, Otto MW, Wisniewski RR, Fossey M, Sağduyu K, Frenk E, et al. Anxiety disorder comorbidity in bipolar disorder patients: data from the first 500 participants in the systematic treatment enhancement program for bipolar disorder (STEP-BD). Am J Psychiatry 2004; 161:2222- 2229.
54. Kay JH, Altshuler LL, Ventura J, Mintz J. Preva- lence of axis II comorbidity in bipolar patients with and without alcohol use disorders. Ann Clin Psychiatry 1999; 11:187-195.
55. Üçok A, Karaveli D, Kundakçı T, Yazıcı O. Comor- bidity of personality disorders with bipolar mood disorders. Compr Psychiatry 1998; 39:72-74.
56. Gazalle FK, Hallal PC, Andreazza AC, Frey BN, Kauer-SantAnna M, Weyne F, et al. Manic symptoms and quality of life in bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2007; 153:33-38.
57. Albert U, Rosso G, Maina G, Bogetto F. Impact of anxiety disorder comorbidity on quality of life in euthymic bipolar disorder patients: differences between bipolar I and II subtypes. J Affect Disord 2008; 105;297-303 .
58. Singh J, Mattoo SK, Sharan P, Basu D. Quality of life and its correlates in patients with dual diag- nosis of bipolar affective disorder and substance dependence. Bipolar Disord 2005; 7:187-191.
59. Wang PW, Sachs GS, Zarate CA, Marangell LB, Calabrese JR, Goldberg JF, et al. Overweight and obesity in bipolar disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2006; 40:762-764.
60. Fenn HH, Bauer MS, Altshuler L, Evans DR, Williford WO, Kilbourne AM, et al. Medical comor- bidity and health-related quality of life in bipolar disorder across the adult age span. J Affect Disord 2005; 86:47-60.
61. Özer SK, Uluşahin A, Kabakçı E. Bipolar hasta- larda ataklar arası dönemde tedavi ve gidiş ilişkisi. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 2001; 12:111-120.