Gülay DİRİK, Elçin YORULMAZ, Umut ÇIVGIN

Yazılı Duygusal Dışavurum Paradigması’nın Kullanımı ve Meme Kanseri Hastaları ile Yapılan Uygulamaları: Bir Derleme Çalışması

Duyguların çeşitli yollarla ifade edilmesi bireyleri sosyal, fiziksel ve psikolojik olarak etkileyen birsüreçtir. Özellikle psikoloji alanında duyguların ifadesi daha çok sözlü ve yazılı olarak yapılabilmektedir.Duyguların yazılı olarak ifade edilmesinde Pennebaker’ın geliştirdiği Yazılı Duygusal Dışavurum Para-digması son yıllarda sıklıkla çalışılan, etkililiği araştırılan müdahale yöntemlerinden biridir. Yapılan derlemeçalışmasıyla bu müdahale ile hangi alanlarda çalışmalar yapıldığı, etkilerinin nasıl olduğu ele alınmış olup,özellikle meme kanseri hastalarında bu müdahaleden sonra nasıl sonuçların elde edildiği incelenmiştir.Alanyazın incelendiğinde Yazılı Duygusal Dışavurum Paradigması’nın (YDDP) birçok fiziksel veya psi-kolojik rahatsızlığı olan gruplarda (fibromiyalji, romatoid artritit, migren ve kas ağrıları, kanser, travmasonrası yaşananan deneyimler ve alkol bağımlılığı) kullanıldığı ve etkililiğinin araştırıldığı görülmüştür.Kanserin yeni sayılabilecek bir çalışma alanı olması sebebiyle yapılan bu derleme makalesi ile özelliklememe kanseri hastalarında YDDP çalışmalarının nasıl tasarlandığı ve ne tür sonuçlara ulaşıldığı incelen-miştir. İncelenen araştırmalarda duyguları ifade etmenin psikolojik sağlık ile olumlu ilişki içinde olduğuna,kişilerin hastaneye gitme sayılarını azalttığına, hastalığa ve tedaviye uyumu kolaylaştırdığına ve yaşamkalitesinde olumlu değişmeler ortaya çıkardığına ilişkin bulgular olduğu belirlenmiştir. Alanyazın bununtersini gösteren veya etkisinin olmadığını gösteren çalışmaları da barındırmaktadır. Bu derleme kapsamındaYDDP’nin etkililiğini kanıtlayan bulguların yanı sıra etkisinin olmadığını gösteren çalışmalar da incelenmişve gelecek çalışmalar için bu müdahalenin tanıtılması amaçlanmıştır.

Usage of Written Emotional Expression Paradigm and Applications in Breast Cancer Patients: A Review Study

Expressing emotions in various ways is a process that affects individuals in a social, physical and psychological way. Especially in the field of psychology expressing emotions can be more verbal and written. When the emotions are expressed in written form, Pennebaker's Expressive Writing Paradigm has been an intervention that has been studied frequently in recent years and has been investigated for effectiveness. In this study, it was investigated in which areas they have worked with this intervention and the effects of these interventions. In particular, the results of this intervention in breast cancer patients was examined. When the literature was examined, it was seen that Expressive Writing Paradigm (EWP) was used and was investigated in terms of effectiveness in many physical or psychological disorders (fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine and muscle aches, cancer, post traumatic experiences and alcohol dependence). With this review article, due to cancer can be considered new fields of study, information about how Expressive Writing Paradigm studies are designed and what kind of results are achieved in breast cancer patients was collected. Recent review showed that expressing emotion had a positive relation with psychological health, number of visiting hospital, adjustment with disease and it’s treatment and quality of life. Also, there were some contrary results about positive outcome of this paradigm in the literature. It was aimed that both positive and negative results of EWP were examined and the intervention was introduced for future studies with this review.

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