Aslı AKPINAR, A. Sibel AKALIN, Harun Raşit UYSAL

Probiyotiklerin Atopik Dermatit Üzerine Etkisi

Vücudu patojenlere karşı koruyan bağışıklık sistemi, hem doğuştan gelen hem de sonradan kazanılan bağışıklık sistemlerinden oluşmaktadır. Son yıllarda özellikle gelişmiş ülkelerde bağışıklık sistemindeki dengenin bozulması sonucu ortaya çıkan alerjik hastalıklar hızla artış göstermektedir. En sık görülen alerji belirtileri, egzama (atopik dermatit), bahar alerjisi, astım, iltihabi bağırsak hastalıkları ve gıda alerjileridir. Giderek daha fazla hijyenik ortamlara maruz kalma sonucunda bağışıklık sisteminin olumsuz etkilenmesi, alerjik rahatsızlıkların engellenmesinde ve tedavisinde probiyotiklere olan ilginin artmasını sağlamıştır. Probiyotikler insan ve hayvanların bağırsak mikrobiyal dengesini iyileştirerek yararlı etki gösteren canlı mikrobiyal gıda katkılarıdır. Probiyotiklerin antiinflamatuvar etki gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. Ancak, her ne kadar probiyotiklerin alerjik rahatsızlıklar üzerinde olumlu etkilerini vurgulayan çalışmalar olsa da söz konusu bakterilerin bağışıklığı düzenleyici etkileri kullanılan bakteri türüne, sayısına ve hastalığın tipine bağlı olarak karışıklık göstermektedir. Bu derlemede probiyotiklerin atopik dermatitin engellenmesi ve tedavisi ile ilgili çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir.

Effect of Probiotics on Atopic Dermatitis

The immune system protecting the body from pathogens is composed of both the innate and the adopted immune systems. Recently, allergies, a disease associated with an imbalanced immune system, have increased rapidly in developed countries. Prevailing symptoms of allergic diseases are eczema (atopic dermatitis), allergic rhinitis, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, and food allergy. Growing concern over the adverse immunologic effects of progressively more hygienic environments has led to enormous interest in the role of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of allergic disease. Probiotics are the live microbial feed supplements that beneficially affect the host animal by improving its intestinal microbial balance. Probiotics have been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory properties. Although there are studies suggesting favorable effects of probiotics on allergic disease, the immune-regulatory impact of probiotic bacteria is controversial because it depends on probiotic strains, a dose and a type of diseases. This article reviews the studies related to the treatment and prevention of atopic dermatitis by probiotics.

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