Fatih BOZKURT, Mine DOSAY AKBULUT, Handan EVSEN

Balık Yağı Kullanılarak Obezite Oluşturulan Ratlarda Nikotin ve Zencefilin Antiobezite Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

Obezite, vücutta aşırı yağ depolanması nedeniyle oluşan zihinsel ve fiziksel sorunlara neden olabilecek bir enerji metabolizması bozukluğudur. Son yıllarda, beslenme alışkanlığındaki yanlışlar sebebi ile şişmanlık insidansı artmıştır. Bu çalışmada; Balık yağının obezite oluşumundaki rolünü ve zencefil ve nikotinin bir antiobesite ajanı olarak tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tıpta (CAM) işlev ve etkilerini belirlemeyi amaçladık. Bu çalışmada 23 erkek rat kullanılmış ve gruplar şu şekildedir; Kontrol grubu olarak Grup 1 (n = 4), balık yağı ile deneysel obezite yapan Grup 2 (n = 19), grup 2a kontrol grubu (n = 3, tedavi yok), zencefil uygulayan tedavide Grup 2b (n = 8), Grup 2c nikotin uygulayarak (n = 8). Çalışmada besleme süresince tartımlar yapılarak kaydedilmiş ve obezite oluşumu ile antiobesite amaçlı olarak verilen besinlerin etkisini belirlemek üzere istatistiksel analizler ile biyokimyasal parametreler (The total kolesterol, triglycerides, LDL ve HDL kolesterol), patolojik inceleme (karaciğer ve böbrekte) ve genetik analiz (leptin sentezi) uygulanarak sonuçlar toplanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre balık yağı uygulamasında kilo alımının kontrole kıyasla arttığı ancak bu kazancın anlamlı derecede önemli olmadığı bulunmuştur. Balık yağı ile besleme beklenen yağlanmayı oluşturmadığı gibi obezitenin öncü göstergesi kabul edilen glikojen birikimi de dokularda yeterince görülmemiştir. Tedavide; Zencefilin, glikojen birikimini kaldırarak ve antiobesitik olarak etki göstererek, nikotinden patolojik olarak daha etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir. Deneysel olarak, obezite sıçan modelinde balık yağı uygulaması beklenen kilo alımını vermedi. Balık yağı uygulamasının sağlık için tüketilen yağ asitleri açısından yararlı olduğu görülmektedir. Tam aksine; Zencefilin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı etkisinin, obezite tedavisinde daha fazla kilo kaybına neden olduğu görülmüştür.

The Determination of the Antiobesity Effects of Nicotine and Ginger In the Rats with Obesity Using Fish Oil

Obesity is a disorder of energy metabolism that can cause mental and physical problems caused byexcessive fat storage in the body. In this study; We aimed to determine the role of fish oil in theformation of obesity and the effects of ginger and nicotine as an antiobesity agent withincomplementary and alternative medicine (CAM). This study, includes 23 male rats and the groupswere performed like this; Group 1 as the control (n=4), Group 2 performing experimental obesitywith fish oil (n=19), Group 2a the control group (n=3, no treatment), for treatment; Group 2b theginger applying (n=8), Group 2c the nicotine applying (n=8). In the study, weights were recorded andstatistical analyzes were performed to determine the effects of obesity formation and antiobesitynutrients as well as Biochemical parameters, pathological examination and genetic analysis wereapplied and the results were collected. According to results, weight gain has increased in fish oilapplication but this gain was not found significantly important. Feeding with fish oil does notproduce the expected fat and the accumulation of glycogen. In the treatment; ginger has beenobserved to be pathologically more effective than nicotine by removing glycogen accumulation andacting antiobesitic. Experimentally, the administration of fish oil in the obesity rat model didn’giveexpected weight gain. Fish oil application seems to be beneficial in terms of fatty acids consumingfor health. On the contrary; the statistically significant effect of ginger, leading to more weight loss,in the anti-obesity treatment was observed.

PDF

___

Collazo, P., Pablo, B., Martínez, D.M., Johan, F., Carlos, D., Ruben, N. and Miguel, L., 2014. Nicotine Improves Obesity and Hepatic Steatosis and ER Stress in Diet-Induced Obese Male Rats. Endocrinology, 155(5), 1679.
Çakmakçı, S. and Kahyaoğlu, D.T., 2012. Yağ Asitlerinin Sağlık ve Beslenme Üzerine Etkileri. Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi, 5(2), 133-137.
Dube, M.G., Beretta, E., Dhillon, H., Ueno, N., Kalra, P.S. and Kalrasatya, P., 2002. Central Leptin Gene Therapy Blocks High-Fat Diet–Induced Weight Gain, Hyperleptinemia, and Hyperinsulinemia Increase in Serum Ghrelin Levels. Diabetes, 51,1729-36.
Ekeleme-Egedigwe, C.A., Ijeh, I.I. and Okafor, P.N., 2017. Modulatory effects of dietary supplementation by Vernonia amygdalina on high-fat-diet-induced obesity in Wistar rats. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Technologia Alimentaria, 16(4), 431-442.
El Gendy, A.A. and Abbas, A.M., 2014. Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on haemostatic functions in urocortin-treated obese rats. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 70(3), 809-20, 2014.
Frank, C., Eteng, M.U. and Umoh, I.B., 2010. Protective Effects of Ginger Towards CadmiumInduced Testes and Kidney Lipid Peroxidation and Hematological Impairment in Albino Rats. Journal of Medicinal Food, 12(3), 47-53.
Grenway, F.L. and Smith, S.R., 2000. The future of obesity research. Nutrition, 16, 976-982.
Günöz, H., 2002. Obezite, 202, Pediatri 1. Nobel Tıp Kitapevi, 221-226.
Haque, M.R. and Ansari, H.S., 2018. Anti-Obesity Effect of Arq Zeera and Its Main Components Thymol and Cuminaldehyde in High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats. Drug Research (Stuttg), 68(11), 637-647.
Ikemoto, S., Mayumi, T., Nobuyo, T., Kayo, M., Hiroshige, I. and Osamu, E., 1996. High-fat dietinduced hyperglycemia and obesity in mice: Differential effects of dietary oils. Metabolism, 45 (12), 1539–1546.
Jequier, E. and Taaop, L., 1999. Regulation of Body Weight in Humans. Physiological Reviews, 79(2), 451-480.
Kandemir, D., 2000. Obezitenin Sınıflandırması ve Klinik Ozellikleri. Katkı Pediatri Dergisi, 21 (4), 500- 506.
Lönnqvist, F., Nordfors, L., Jansson, M., Thörne, A., Schalling, M. and Arner, P., 1997. Leptin Secretion from Adipose Tissue in Women. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 99(10), 2398-2404.
Mohd Rafie, A.Z., Syahir, A., Wan Ahmad, WAN., Mustafa, M.Z. and Mariatulqabtiah, A.R., 2018. Supplementation of Stingless Bee Honey from Heterotrigona itama Improves Antiobesity Parameters in High-Fat Diet Induced Obese Rat Model. Evidence Based Complement ary and Alternative Medicine, 2018, 6371582.
National Research Council., 1995. Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals Fourth Revised Edition, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.
Pelleymounter, M.A., Cullen, M.J., Baker, M.B., Hecht, R., Wınters, D., Boone, T. and Collıns, F., 1995. Effects of the obese gene product on body weight regulation in ob/ob mice. Science, 269, 540-543.
Pfaffl, M.W., 2001. A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Research, 29( 9), e45.
Son, H.K., Shin, H.W., Jang, E.S., Moon, B.S., Lee, C.H. and Lee, J.J., 2018. Comparison of Antiobesity Effects Between Gochujangs Produced Using Different Koji Products and Tabasco Hot Sauce in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Journal of Medicinal Food, 21(3), 233-243.
Thatiparthi, J., Dodoala, S., Koganti, B. and Kvsrg, P., 2019. Barley grass juice (Hordeum vulgare L.) inhibits obesity and improves lipid profile in high fat diet-induced rat model. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 238, 111843.
Ting, Y., Chang, W.T., Shiau, D.K., Chou, P.H., Wu, M.F. and Hsu, C.L., 2018. Antiobesity Efficacy of Quercetin-Rich Supplement on Diet-Induced Obese Rats: Effects on Body Composition, Serum Lipid Profile, and Gene Expression. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 66(1), 70-80.
Zitsman, J.L., Inge, T.H. and Reichard, K.W., 2014. Pediatric and adolescent obesity: Management, options for surgery, and outcomes. Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 49(3), 491-4.
Waldum, H.L., Nilsen, O.G., Nilsen, T., Rervik, H., Syversen, U., Sandvik, A.K., Haugen, O. A., Tarp, S.H. and Brenna, E., 1996. Long-term effects of Inhaled Nıcotıne. Life Sciences, 58(16), 1339- 1346.
https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/obezite/turkiyedeobezitenin-gorulme-sıklıgı.htm (26.11.16)
http://www.who.int./mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/ (26.11.2016).