HARMONY OF SOUNDS OR SYNHARMONISM – A FUNDAMENTAL STRUCTURAL AND TYPOLOGICAL PHENOMENON

The article deals with one of the most important phonetic patterns – synharmonism. Synharmonism is a property, a model of the whole word, and not just an affix relationship to the root or base. Harmony of sounds occurs regardless of the number of syllables in a word. Sounds of a single word – a sound complex – according to the laws of Turkic speech should “consist of sounds as close as possible with respect to articulation”. It does not matter whether the root or this is a derivative basis, it is important that the syllables in the flow of speech among themselves come into harmony. It is observed both in monosyllabic words and inside a syllable, as well as in two- and polysyllabic bases. Phonologically, the root and affixal morphemes are equal elements that enter into the process of harmony of sounds, despite the fact that when attached to the basics, the dependence of the character of the affix sounds on the sounds of the root and the base is obvious. The inconsistency of harmony of sounds begins, as a rule, in complex bases, the sounds of the components of which belong to opposing series, as well as in derivative and inflexive forms of a word with borrowed or late arising affixes. In modern languages, there is a weakening of the effect of harmony and a violation of the above-noted sequences of sounds in comparison with the Prakypchak, Proto-Russian and Prakarluk languages, but their degree varies by language. Narrow vowels are subject to weakening and disturbance. Harmony in a number of \ softness-hardness in modern languages in Turkic words and mastered borrowing is observed regularly.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

phonetic pattern, harmony, sound, syllable, root, weakening, violation, borrowing, degree

HARMONY OF SOUNDS OR SYNHARMONISM – A FUNDAMENTAL STRUCTURAL AND TYPOLOGICAL PHENOMENON

Keywords:

phonetic pattern, harmony, sound, syllable, root, weakening, violation, borrowing, degree,

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