Economics of Higher Education and Contemporary Outlook of Turkish Universities

İkibinli yıllar, yükseköğretim için önemli sayılabilecek değişimler ile başladı. Ekonomik açıdan en temel değişimin bu sektöre aktarılan kamu kaynaklarındaki bariz azalmalar olduğu iddia edilebilir. Yanı sıra, 1998'dekiSorbonne ve 1999'daki Bologna deklarasyonu ile birlikte 2000 yılında kamuoyuna duyurulan Lizbon stratejisi, yükseköğretimin Avrupa Birliğiüye ülkelerinde standart hale getirilmesi için kayda değer bir politika yapım etkisi de oluşturdular. Bu anlamda, kamu inisiyatiflerinin yanı sıraözel ve vakıf mülkiyetine sahip yeni oluşumların da bu sahada faal olmaya başlamasına şahit olundu. Türkiye, Birliğe aday ülkelerden biri olarak,devlet dışı aktörleri, yükseköğretim hizmeti sunumunda destekleyen ülkeler arasında yerini aldı. Günümüz itibariyle Türkiye yükseköğretimi bünyesinde 80'e yakın vakıf üniversitesi, kamu üniversiteleri ile rekabet halinde, faaliyette bulunmaktadır. Nicelik olarak varlığı ve önemi artık göz ardı edilemeyen bu üniversitelerin akademik sahada gösterecekleri başarının Türkiye'ye yapacağı katkı da yadsınamayacak bir gerçektir. Bu çalışma, dünyada ve Türkiye'de kamu yükseköğretiminin durumunu irdelemekle birlikte, vakıf üniversitelerinin Türkiye yükseköğretimindeki yerini inceleme altına almıştır.

Yüksekö¤retim ekonomisi ve Türkiye üniversitelerinin aktüel görünümü

The years 2000s began with changes that can be considered significant forhigher education. It can be claimed that the most essential change financially is the apparent decreases in public funding allocated to this field. In addition, Sorbonne and Bologna declarations (1998 and 1999, respectively) aswell as Lisbon strategy (2000) had a tremendous impact on policy-making ofhigher education in terms of standardization of quality of education acrossEU member and candidate states. Therefore, new initiatives that have capabilities to provide cutting-edge research and education facilities to the lecturers and students respectively have been supported by governments. Turkey-as a candidate country to join EU- is one of the leading countries to encourage non-profit entrepreneurs for opening up state-of-art universities throughfinancial contributions and tax exemption status. Eventually, nearly 80 nonprofit (NP) universities are operating in Turkish Higher Education alongsidewith public universities contemporarily. It is an undeniable fact that theseuniversities, which cannot be ignored for their presence quantitatively andsignificance, would also contribute Turkey with their future achievements inthe academic world. This paper reviews public higher education system andthe challenges that it's facing currently as well as discusses the role of NP universities in the provision of higher education relying on the Turkish case.

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