Obezite ve Gastrointestinal kanser ilişkisi

Günümüzde obezite ve tümöral hastalıklar sosyo-ekonomik ve sosyal boyutları olan önemli bir sağlık sorununu oluşturur. Gastrointestinal kanser ve obezite arasında güçlü bir ilişki olduğunu gösteren kanıtlar vardır. Yeni tanı konmuş kanserlerin erkeklerde yaklaşık %3,2’si ve kadınlarda %8,8’i artmış vücut kitle indeksi ile ilişkilidir. Ancak, yapılan birçok çalışma bel-kalça oranı ile kanser arasındaki ilişkinin vücut kitle indeksinden daha anlamlı olduğunu göstermektedir. Çok sayıda epidemiyolojik çalışma, obezlerde özofagus ve kolorektal kanser riskinin artmış olduğu göstermektedir. Obezite ile diğer gastrointestinal maligniteler arasında daha zayıf bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Obezite ve kanser arasındaki ilişkinin patofizyolojisinde insülin benzeri büyüme faktörü aksı, adipositokinler ve seks steroidlerinin rolü vardır. Bu derlemede patofizyolojik ve epidemiyolojik açıdan kanıtlar özetlenmiştir.

The relationship between obesity and gastrointestinal cancer

At present, obesity and tumour diseases represent an important healthcare issue that has its socioeconomic and social dimensions. Evidence is indicating a strong relationship between obesity and gastrointestinal cancer. About 3.2% of the newly diagnosed cancers in men and 8.8% in women are associated with high body mass index. However, many studies suggest a more significant correlation between the waist-to-hip ratio and cancer than the body mass index. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that obesity increased the risk of esophageal and colorectal cancers. The relationship between obesity and other gastrointestinal malignancies was found to be less powerful. Possible pathophysiological mechanisms due to obesity and carcinogenesis include insulin-like growth factor axis, adipocytokines and sex steroids. This review summarizes the evidence from an epidemiological and pathophysiological aspect.

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