O‘ZBEK VA TURK TILSHUNOSLIGIDA FE’L MAYLLARINI TASNIFLASH MEZONLARI

O‘zbek va turk tillarida fe’l so‘z turkumining asosiy kategoriyalaridan bir mayl kategoriyasi hisoblanadi. Maqolada bu tillardagi so‘zlovchining obyektiv borliqqa bo‘lgan modal munosabatini ifoda etuvchi fe’l shakllari – mayllar o‘zaro qiyoslab tadqiq etish maqsad qilingan. Zero, mazkur masala maxsus tadqiqot obyekti bo‘lmagan. Har ikki til uchun umumiy bo‘lgan fe’l mayllaridan tashqari, o‘zbek va  turk tillarida o‘ziga xos spesifik bo‘lgan, qiyoslanayotgan ikkinchi tilda mavjud bo‘lmagan mayl ko‘rsatkichlari bor. O‘zbek va turk tilshunosligida fe’l mayllarini tasniflash va o‘rganishda farqli yondashuvlar mavjud. Shu bilan birga turk tilshunosligida ham, o‘zbek tilshunosligida ham turli ilmiy manbalarda fe’l mayllarining turlicha tasniflangani kuzatiladi. Maqolada o‘zbek va turk tilshunosligida fe’l mayllarining tasniflaridagi mushtarakliklar va farqlar tahlilga tortiladi. O‘zbek va turk tilshunosligida xabar maylining boshqa fe’l mayllariga qarama-qarshi qo‘yilgani qayd etiladi.   Natijada qiyoslanayotgan tillardagi mayl va zamon kategoriyalarining o‘zaro munosabati, ularning turlari, tuzilish tiplari, soni xususidagi fikr-mulohazalarida bir xillik yo‘qligi, hattoki, ayni bir fe’l shakli uchun butunlay farqli qarash bayon qilgani e’tirof etiladi.  Misollar tahlili natijasida fe’l mayllaridagi obyektivlik va subyektivlik darajalarini mayllar va zamon shakllarini farqlash mezoni sifatida qo‘llash tasviya etiladi.

CRITERIA FOR DEFINING MOODS OF THE VERB IN UZBEK AND TURKISH LINGUISTICS

In the Uzbek and Turkish languages, moods of the verb is one of the main categories. The purpose of the article is a comparative study of the mood of verbs - verb forms, which is expressing the modal attitude of the speakers of these languages ​​to objective reality. After all, this issue was not the subject of a separate study. The verb moods in the compared languages ​​have common and similar grammatical affixes, however, there are also verb moods that do not exist in a comparable second language. There are different approaches to the classification and study of verb moods in Uzbek and Turkish linguistics. At the same time, various scientific sources describe various classifications of moods of verbs in Turkish linguistics and Uzbek linguistics. The article analyzes the differences and similarities between the moods of verbs and their interpretations in Uzbek and Turkish linguistics. The article notes that in Uzbek and Turkish linguistics, the indicative mood contradicts other moods of verbs. As a result, it is recognized that in the languages ​​being compared there is no single approach to the relationship between the category of tenses and the mood of verbs, their classification and types, they even express completely different opinions about the same form of the verb. As a result of the analysis of examples, it is proposed to use the degrees of objectivity and subjectivity as criteria for differentiating the moods of verbs and tenses.

___

  • G‘ULOMOV, A.G‘. (1964). Fe’l. Toshkent: Fan. TURSUNOV, U., Muxtorov, A., Rahmatullaev, Sh. (1992). Hozirgi o‘zbek adabiy tili. Toshkent: O‘zbekiston.RAHMATULLAEV, Sh. (1993). O‘zbek va rus tillarini qiyoslash. Toshkent: Fan.REShETOV, V.V. (1961). Osnovi fonetiki i grammatiki uzbekskogo yazika. Tashkent: Srednyaya i visshaya shkola.KONONOV, A.N. (1960). Grammatika sovremennogo uzbekskogo literaturnogo yazika. Moskva: Izd Vo AN SSSR. XO‘JAEV, T. (1963). O‘zbek tilida fe’l va mayl, zamon va mayl masalalari. Trudi SamGU, № 124, 103.HOJIEV, A. (1973). Fe’l. Toshkent: Fan.SODIQOVA, M. (1976). Fe’l stilistikasi. Toshkent: Fan. SHUKUROV, Sh. (1976). O‘zbek tilida fe’l zamonlari taraqqiyoti. Toshkent: Fan.BASKAKOV, N.A. (1966). Sistema spryajeniya ili izmeneniya slov po lisam v yazikax tyurkskoy gruppi, Issledovaniya sravnitelnoy grammatiki tyurkskix yazikov. Morfologiya. Ch.1. Moskva. SHOABDURAHMONOV, Sh. ve A999999SQAROVA, M. (1980). Hozirgi o‘zbek adabiy tili. Toshkent: Fan.SHERBAK, A. (1962). Grammatika starouzbekskogo yazika. Moskva, Leningrad: Izd-vo AN SSSR.