Broiler Chick Quality And Scoring Methods

Etlik civcivlerde bir günlük yaştaki civciv kalitesi hem kuluçkahaneler hem de broiler yetiştiricileri açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Civciv kalitesi kuluçkahanelerin başarı göstergesi ve broiler yetiştiriciliğinde verimliliğin ön koşuludur. Civciv kalitesi, döllenme anından başlayarak civcivlerin kümeslere yerleştirilme anına kadar birçok faktörden etkilenmektedir. Genel olarak, bu faktörler kuluçka öncesi faktörler ve kuluçka koşulları olarak gruplandırılmaktadır. Bu faktörler embriyo gelişimi, civciv kalitesi ve dolayısıyla çıkış sonrası broiler performansını etkilemektedir. Civciv kalitesi, renk, canlılık, göbek kalitesi, sarı kesesi emilimi, bacak konformasyonu, gaga şekli, civciv çıkış ağırlığı, sarı kesesiz civciv ağırlığı, civciv uzunluğu gibi bazı parametrelerin dikkate alınmasıyla değerlendirilmektedir. Bu parametrelerden bazıları civcivlerin kalitatif, bazıları ise kantitatif özelliklerdir. Bu yüzden, civciv kalitesinin ölçülmesi için görsel skorlama, Tona yada Pasgar skoru, civciv çıkış ağırlığının değerlendirilmesi, sarı kesesiz civciv ağırlığının belirlenmesi, civciv uzunluğunun ölçülmesi gibi bazı skorlama yöntemleri geliştirilmiştir. Bu derlemede, civciv kalitesinin tanımı, civciv kalitesini etkileyen faktörler ve kullanılan skorlama yöntemleri açıklanmıştır.

Broiler Civciv Kalitesi ve Skorlama Yöntemleri

The day old chick quality has a great importance for hatcheries and also broiler producers. It is an indicator of hatchery success and assurance of broiler productivity. Chick quality is affected by a number of factors from the time of fertilization to placement time at broiler houses. Generally, these factors are classified as pre-incubation and incibation factors. These factors affects embryo development and chick quality, and in this way post-hatch broiler performance. Day old chick quality is assessed by considering some parameters as colour, vitality, navel quality, yolk uptake, leg confirmation, well formed beak, chick hatching weight, yolk free body weight and chick length. While some of these parameters are qualitative, others are quantitative characteristics of chicks. Because of assessing of qualitative parameters, some scoring systems have been developed to convert these factors into a quantitative score. Fort his reason, visual scoring, Tona or Pasgar score, day old chick weight, yolk free body weight and chick length are used largely for measurement chick quality. In this review, definition of the day old chick quality, effecting factors and also scoring methods are explained.

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