Incubation Conditions Affect Chick Quality and Broiler Performance

Etlik piliç üretiminin dünya genelinde yaygınlaşmasından dolayı, karlı bir üretim için civciv kalitesi giderek önem kazanmaktadır. Civciv kalitesi ile etlik piliç performansı arasında kritik bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Bir günlük yaşta civciv kalitesi embiyonal gelişim aşamasında sağlanan kuluçka koşullarından etkilemekte ve çıkış sonrasında bu durum yetiştirme dönemindeki performansa yansımaktadır. Kuluçka başarısının değerlendirilmesinde, satılabilir civciv oranı çıkış gücüne göre önemlidir, çünkü kuluçkahaneler satılan civciv sayısına göre kazanç sağlamaktadırlar. Sıcaklık, nem, havalandırma ve cevirme gibi kuluçka koşulları kuluçka boyunca embriyonun ihtiyaçlarını karşılayacak optimum seviyede sağlanmalıdır. Bu koşulların her biri embriyonik gelişimi, civciv çıkış ağırlığını ve dolayısıyla etlik piliç performansını etkilemektedir. Son zamanlarda, özellikle kuluçka sıcaklığının en önemli kuluçka koşulu olduğu ve kuluçka sonuçlarını, civciv kalitesini ve çıkış sonrası performansı etkilediği bildirilmektedir. Bu derlemede, kuluçkada embriyonun sıcaklık, nem, havalandırma ve döndürme gereksinimleri ile bu koşulların civciv kalitesi ve etlik piliç performansı üzerine etkileri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.

Kuluçka Koşullarının Civciv Kalitesi ve Broiler Performansı Üzerine Etkileri

Chick quality has gained increasingly more importance for profitable production because of pervading broiler production around the world. There is a critical relationship between the day old chick quality and posthatch broiler performance. The chick quality is affected by incubation conditions during embryonic development stage and after hatching it reflects significantly subsequent performance during rearing period. To estimate of hatchery success, good quality saleable chick percentage is more important than hatchability. Because they are paid based on chick sales. Incubation conditions such as temperature, humidity, ventilation and turning should be provided as optimum standards to meet embryo requirements during development stage. All of these conditions influence embryonic development, chick hatching weight and in this way posthatch growth performance. Recently, some researchers have showed that especially incubation temperature is the most critical factor affecting hatchability, hatchling quality and also subsequent performance. In this review, about temperature, relative humidity, ventilation and turning requirements of embryos during incubation period and their effects on chick quality and broiler performance are discussed.

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