MURAT CENGİZ, H. Hüseyin ORUÇ, İlknur UZUNOĞLU, SONGÜL SONAL

Ochratoxin a levels in different types of bread and flour

Bu çalışmada, 132 adet farklı tip un ve ekmek örneğindeki (34 beyaz un, 14 kepekli un, 10 mısır unu, 36 beyaz ekmek, 28 kepek ekmeği ve 10 mısır ekmeği) okratoksin A (OTA) düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Örnekler, Bursa’daki farklı fırın ve marketler ile Türk Silahlı Kuvvetlerinin farklı birliklerinden, Şubat 2005-Mayıs 2006 tarihleri arasında toplanmıştır. Örneklerdeki OTA düzeyleri ELISA tekniği ile tespit edilmiştir. Örnekler arasın da en yüksek değer 9.30 µg/kg olarak kepek ununda saptanmıştır. Örneklerin %83’nde (110 örnek) OTA tespit edilmiş ve %70’nde (92 örnek) toksin düzeylerinin tolerans limitinin (3 µg/kg) üzerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Un ve ekmek örneklerinde tespit edilen OTA miktarları, halk sağlı açısından risk oluşturabilecek düzeylerdedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

kepek, ekmek, mikotoksinler, halk sağlığı, toksinler, okratoksin, mısır unu, unlar

Farklı tip ekmek ve unlarda okaratoksin a düzeyleri

Ochratoxin A (OTA) levels were determined in 132 different types of flour and bread (34 white flour, 14 wholemeal flour, 10 corn flour, 36 white bread, 28 wholemeal bread and 10 corn breads). The samples were collected from different bakers and markets in Bursa, Turkey and some unities of Turkish Army between February 2005 and May 2006 for analyses. OTA concentrations were determined by competitive enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Among the samples, highest mean concentration was detected in wholemeal flour samples as 9.30 µg/kg. OTA has been determined in 110 samples (83%). In 92 (70 %) of the samples the toxin levels were exceeded maximum tolerable limits (3 µg/kg). These findings indicate that flour and breads may have potential risk for the public health.

Keywords:

bran, bread, mycotoxins, public health, toxins, ochratoxins, corn flour, flours,

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