Mikotoksinler ve tanı yöntemleri

Küf üremesi ve mikotoksin oluşumu, ürün kompozisyonu, sıcaklık, nem, havalandırma, insektlerin verdiği zararlar ve küfün spor miktarı gibi faktörlerin etkileşimlerine bağlı olarak gıda, yem ve yem hammaddelerinde şekil-lenebilmektedir. Tarımsal ürünlerin dörtte biri ciddi boyutta mikotoksinlerle kontaminasyona uğrayabilmektedir. Mikotoksinler çeşit ve miktarlarına bağlı olarak kontamine gıda ve yemleri tüketen insan ve hayvanlarda sağlık problemleri oluşturabilmekte, ayrıca bu ürünlerin ihracatı da olumsuz etkilendiğinden büyük ekonomik kayıplara neden olabilmektedir. Bu nedenlerle, tarımsal ürünlerde mikotoksinlerin rutin kontrolleri için mikotoksinlerin öneminin ve tanı yöntemlerinin iyi bilinmesi gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

çiftlik hayvanları, insan, mikotoksinler, toksisite, zehirlenme, tarımsal ürünler, evcil hayvanlar, yemler, gıdalar, mikrobiyal bulaşıklık, teşhis, tanı teknikleri, mantar, mikotoksikoz

MYcotoxins and diagnosis

Depending upon the interactions of several factors such as substrate composition, temperature, water activity, oxygen tension, insect damage and spore concentration, the growth of the fungus and consequently production of mycotoxins may be occured in food, feed and feedstuffs. Nearly quarter of the agricultural products could be subjected to a serious contamination level with mycotoxins. The type and the contamination level of the toxin has important impact on the health of human and animals consuming contaminated products. Beside of their health problems, they may also constitute important economic lose notably during the exportation of agricultural products. Therefore, the importance and diagnosis techniques of mycotoxins should be well known in order to assure better control of mycotoxins in agricultural products.

Keywords:

livestock, man, mycotoxins, toxicity, poisoning, agricultural products, domestic animals, feeds, foods, microbial contamination, diagnosis, diagnostic techniques, fungi, mycotoxicoses,

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