Erdoğan ATMİŞ, Hikmet Batuhan GÜNŞEN, Cengiz YÜCEDAĞ, Wietze LİSE

Türkiye'de kent ormanlarının kullanımını etkileyen faktörler

Bu makalenin amacı, kent ormanlarının kullanımında ziyaretçilerin katılımını etkileyen faktörleri ortaya koymak ve kent ormanı yönetimindeki farklılıkları oyun teorisi modellemesi yardımıyla açıklamaktır. Bu amaçla, Türkiye’deki kent ormanları ile ilgili veriler toplanmış ve bu veriler farklı istatistik yöntemlerle analiz edilmiştir. Temel Bileşenler Analizi’ne göre, kent ormanlarının kullanımını etkileyen başlıca faktörler en önemliden en aza doğru (1) orman çok yönlülüğü, (2) yönetim gücü, (3) ziyaretçi hizmetleri, (4) orman rekreasyonu ve (5) orman aktiviteleri olarak sıralanmıştır. Bu beş faktör değişkenler arasındaki toplam varyansın %71’ini açıklamaktadır. Bundan başka, çoklu regresyon analizi özellikle ormanların çok olduğu şehirlerde kent ormanlarının çok kullanılmadığını buna karşılık genç nüfus ve aile birey sayısının fazla olduğu yerleşim yerlerinde kent ormanlarının daha çok ziyaret edildiğini göstermiştir. Katılımcı üzerine yürütülen tahmini oyun teorisi modeli ise ziyaretçiler arasındaki orman hizmetlerinden yararlanmanın genellikle uyumlu olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışmayla, kent ormancılığının sadece kent ormanlarının sayısını ve büyüklüğünü artırmaya değil, aynı zamanda kent ormanlarının sürdürülebilir ve sorumlu bir şekilde nasıl kullanılacağı konusunda bütün ilgi gruplarını eğitmeye odaklanması gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yeşil altyapı, Yönetim, Kentleşme, Rekreasyon

Factors affecting the use of urban forests in Turkey

The aim of this paper is to find drivers behind visitor’s participation in the use of urban forests and to explain the differences in co-operation in urban forest management with the help of game theoretic modeling. For this purpose, data regarding public urban forests of Turkey were collected and analyzed by various statistical methods. According to the principal component analysis, leading factors affecting the use of urban forest were, ordered from the most important to the least important: (1) forest versatility, (2) management intensity, (3) visitor services, (4) forest tranquility, and (5) forest activities. These five factors accounted for 71% of the total variance among the variables. Furthermore, multiple regression analyses showed that, especially in cities with an abundance of forests, the use of urban forests was not widespread, whereas urban forests were visited more in the settlements having a high number of young population and a large family size. The estimated game theoretic model on participation indicated that the availability of forest services among visitors was generally harmonious. It could be concluded that urban forestry has to focus, not only on increasing the number and size of urban forests, but also on educating all relevant social groups in society on how to use urban forests in a sustainable and responsible manner.

Keywords:

Green infrastructure, Management, Urbanization, Recreation,

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