KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE PSİKOLOJİK SERMAYENİN AKIŞ ÇERÇEVESİNDE ÇEŞİTLİ DEĞİŞKENLERLE OLAN İLİŞKİSİ

Bu çalışma örgütsel davranış alanında önemli bir ivme kazanan pozitif psikoloji kapsamında ele alınan temel bireysel değişkenlerin öncüllerini ve sonuçlarını bir yapısal eşitlik modeli kapsamında sınamak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu değişkenler özellikle pozitif psikoloji alanında sıklıkla incelenen kişilik özellikleri ve psikolojik sermaye bağımsız değişkenleri ile performans, iş tatmini ve psikolojik iyi oluş bağımlı değişkenleri ve işle akış aracı değişkenidir. Çalışmada bu değişkenler bir arada ele alınarak yazında ilk defa bir bütünlük sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Yine ilk defa bu çalışmada kişilik özellikleri ve psikolojik sermaye bağımsız değişkenlerinin aynı bağımlı değişkenlerle olan etkileri incelenerek karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda üç farklı firmada çalışan 500 beyaz yakalı çalışandan anket yöntemiyle elde edilen verilerle nicel bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler bir yapısal eşitlik modeli çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Eldeki bulgular incelendiğinde psikolojik sermaye boyutlarının ve kişilik özelliklerinin çalışanlardaki iyi oluş, iş tatmini ve performansa olan etkileri gözlemlenmiştir. Aynı zamanda, optimal performans düzeyinin, bir diğer adıyla, akışın, psikolojik sermaye boyutları ve kişilik özellikleri ile iyi oluş, iş tatmini ve performans arasında aracılık, kısmi aracılık rolü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tüm bulgular ele alındığında, çalışanlar üzerinde olumlu psikolojinin öncüllerinin çalışan iyi oluşuna, iş tatminine ve performansa etkilerini inceleyen bir modelin oluşturulabileceği belirlenmiştir. Aynı şekilde akış kavramının bu model üzerinde aracı olarak etki ettiği ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

THE EFFECTS OF PERSONALITY TRAITS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL WITHIN THE FRAME OF FLOW ON VARIOUS VARIABLES

This study focuses on researching the antecedents of positive psychology which is a very highly researched area in the organizational behavior sciences since the last decade. By constructing a structural equation model these antecedents and their relations was researched. These antecedents are personality traits, psychological capital, performance, work satisfaction, psychological well being and flow in orderly. These variables were handled together in order to create an integrity among the variables and their effects to each other was tried to be examined. For the first time in this study, the effects of independent variables personality traits and psychological capital were examined on the same dependent variables simultaneously and the results were compared. In order to carry out this research 500 surveys have been collected from white collar workers from three different firms in Ankara Turkey. These surveys were subject to structural equation model analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. When the findings were examined, the effects of psychological capital dimensions and personality traits on employee well-being, job satisfaction and performance were observed. At the same time, it has been determined that, the optimal performance level, in other words the flow, has partial mediation role between psychological capital dimensions and personality traits with well-being, job satisfaction and performance. When all the findings are considered, it is determined that a model can be formed that examines the effects of positive psychology on the employees' well-being, job satisfaction and performance.

PDF

___

Avey, J.B. ve Luthans, F. ve Jensen, S.M. (2009). Psychological Capital: A Positive Resource for Combating Employee Stres and Turnover. Human Resource Management. 48: 5. 677-693.
Avey, J.B. ve Luthans, F. ve Smith, R.M. ve Palmer, N.F. (2010). Impact of Positive Psychology Capital on Employee Well-Being Over Time. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. 15(1): 17- 28.
Bakker, A. (2008). The Work-Related Flow Inventory: Construction and Initial Validation of the WOLF. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 72: 400-414.
Bakker, A.B. ve Bal, P.M. (2010). Weekly Work Engagement and Performance. A Study Among Starting Teachers. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. 83: 189-206.
Barrick, M.R. ve Mount, M.K. (1993). Autonomy as a Moderator of the Relationships Between the Big Five Personality Dimensions and Job Performance. Journal of Applied Psychology. 78(1): 111- 118.
Basım, H.N. ve Çetin, F. ve Tabak, A. (2009). Beş Faktör Kişilik Özelliklerinin Kişilerarası Çatışma Çözme Yaklaşımları ile İlişkisi. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi. 24:63. 20-34.
Basım, H.N., ve Şeşen, H., (2009), Örgütsel Adalet Algısı-Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı İlişkisinde İş Tatmininin Aracılık Rolü, 17’nci Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı, Eskişehir, 21-23 Mayıs.
Baumann, N. (2010). Autotelic Personality. Engeser (Der.). Advances in Flow Research. Springer: NewYork: 165-186.
Benet-Martinez, V. ve John, O.P. (1998). Los Cinco Grandes Across Cultures and Ethnic Groups: Multitrait, Multi-method Anayses of the Big Five in Spanish and English. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 75(3): 729-750.
Betts, S.C. (2012). The Success of the ‘’Big-Five’’ Personality Factors: The Fall and Rise of Personality Psychology in Organization Research. Proceedings of Academy of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict. 17:1. 45-49
Bloch, C. (200). Moods and the Quality of Life. Journal of Happiness Studies. 30: 67-93.
Burke, R.J. (2010). Flow, Work Satisfaction and Psychological Well-Being at the Work Place. The IUP Journal of Soft Skills. 4(1): 37-48.
Campbell, J.P. (1990). Modeling the Performance Prediction Problem in Imdustrial and Organizational Psychology. Dunette M.D. ve Hough L.M. (Der). Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Palo Alto CA:Consulting Psychologist Press, Inc. 687-732.
Chapman, K.E. ve Bowler, M.C. ve Bowler, J.L. ve Cope, J.G. (2012). The Impact of Cognitive Complexity on Frequency-Based Measurement Big Five Measures. International Journal of Business and Social Science. 3(7): 16-24.
Choi, Y. Ve Lee, D. (2014). Psychological Capital, Big-Five Traits and Employee Outcomes. Journal of Managerial Psychology. 29(2): 122-140.
Costa, T.T. Jr. ve Busch, C.M. ve Zonderman, A.B. ve McCrae, R.R. (1986). Correlations of MMPI Factor Scales with Measures of the Five Factor Model. Personality Assessment. 50:4. 640-650.
Costa, P.T. ve McCrae, R.R. (1980). Influence of Extraversion and Neuroticsm on Subjective WellBeing. Happy and UnHappy People. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 38: 668- 678.
Costa, T.T.Jr. ve McCrae, R.R. (1992). NEO Personality Inventory Professional Manual. Psychological Assessmant Resources. Odessa:FL. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. Harper Collins Modern Classics.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1997). Finding Flow. NewYork: Basic.
Csikzentmihalyi,M. (2009). Good Business. Viking, NewYork. Çetin, F. ve Basım, H.N. (2011). Psikolojik Dayanıklılığın İş Tatmini ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Tutumlarındaki Rolü. ‘’İşGüç’’ Endüstri İlişkileri ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi. 13:3. 79-94.
Çetin, F. ve Basım, H.N. (2012). Örgütsel Psikolojik Sermaye: Bir Ölçek Uyarlama Çalışması. Amme İdaresi Dergisi. 45(1): 121-137.
Demerouti, E. ve Cropanzano, R. (2010). From Thought to Action: Employee Work Engagement and Job Performance. Work Engagement: A Handbook of Essential Theory and Research. Bakker, A.B. ve Leiter M.P. (Der.). Hove, UK: Psychology Press:147-163.
Demerouti, E. ve Bakker, A.B. ve Sonentag, S. Ve Fullager, C.J. (2012). Work-Related Flow and Energy at Work and at Home: A Study on the Role of Daily Recovery. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 33: 275-295.
DeNeve, K.M. ve Cooper, H. (1998). The Happy Personality: A Meta-Analysis of 137 Personality Traits and Subjective Well Being. Psychological Bulletin. 124 (2): 197- 229).
Diener, E. (1984). Subjective Well-Being. Psychological Bulletin. 95: 542-575.
Diener, E. (2000). Subjective Well-Being: The Science of Hapiness and Proposal for a National Index. American Psychologist. 55(1): 34-43.
Diener, E. ve Suh, E.M. ve Lucas, R.E. ve Smith, H.L. (1999). Subjective Well-Being: Three Decades of Progress. Psychlogical Bulletin. 125(2): 276-302.
Diener, E. ve Oishi,S. ve Lucas, R.E. (2003). Personality, Culture and Subjective Well Being: Emotional and Cognitive Evaluations of Life. Annual Review Psychology. 54: 403-425.
Diener, E. ve Ryan, K. (2009). Subjective Well-Being: A general Overview. South Africa Journal of Psychology. 39(4): 391-406.
Eryılmaz, A. (2010). Ergenler için Öznel İyi Oluş Artırma Stratejileri Ölçeğinin Geliştirmesi. Türk Psikoloji Dayanışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi. 4(33): 81-88.
Eryılmaz, A ve Öğülmüş S. (2010) Ergenlikte Öznel İyi Oluş ve Beş Faktörlü Kişilik Modeli. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 11(3): 189-203
Eisenberger, R. Ve Jones, J.R. ve Stinglhamber, F. Ve Shanock, L. Ve Randall, A. (2005). Flow Experiences at Work: For High Need Achievers Alone? Journal of Organizational Behavior. 26: 755-775.
Fuentes-Fuentes M. M., Albacata-Saez C. A. and Lorenz-Montes, F. J., (2004),The Impact of Environmental Characteristics on TQM Principles and Organizational Performanc, Omega, 32, 6, 425-442.
Goldberg, L.R. (1981). Language and Individual Differences: The Search for Universals in Personality Lexicons. Wheeler, I. (Der.). Review of Personality and Social Psychology. Beverly Hills ; CA: Sagec. (2): 141-165.
Goldberg, L.R. (1992). The Development of Markers fort he Big-Five Factor Structure. Psychological Assessment. 4(1): 26-42.
Hackman, R.J. ve Oldham, G.R. (1976). Motivation Through the Design of Work: Test of a Theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. 16:250-279.
Hackman, R. ve Oldham, G.R., (1975), Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey, Journal of Applied Psychology, 60:2, s.159-170.
Ho. C.L. ve Au. T.W. (2006). Teaching Satisfaction Scale: Measuring Job Satisfaction of Teachers. Educational and Psychological Measurement. 66:1. 172-185
Jackson, S.A. ve Ecklund, R.C. (2004). The Flow Scales Manual. Fitness and Information Technology.
Judge, T.A. ve Locke, E.A. (1993). Effect of Dysfunctional Thought Process on Subjective Well-Being and Job Satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology. 78:3. 475-490.
Koen, T.L. ve McDonald, B. (1982). Job Satisfaction and Life Satisfaction; Emprical Evaluation of Their Interrelationship. Human Relations. 35:3.
Kurtuluş, K. (1998). Pazarlama Araştırmaları, 8. Basım, Avcıol Basım Yayım, İstanbul.
La Fevre,J. (1988). Flow and the Quality of Experience During Work and Leisure. Optimal Experience: Psychological Studies of Flow in Consciousness. Csikszentmihalyi, M. Ve Csikszentmihalyi, I. (Der.). NewYork: Cambridge University Press: 307-318.
Lucas, R.E. ve Fujita, F. (2000). Factors Influencing the Relation Between Extraversion and Pleasant Affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 79(6): 1039-1056.
Luthans,F. (2002)a. Positive Organizational Behavior: Developing and Managing Psychological Strengths. Academy of Management Executive. 6:1. 57-71.
Luthans, F. (2002)b. The Need for and Meaning of Positive Organizational Behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 23. 695-706.
Luthans, F. ve Avolio, B.J. ve Avey, J.B. ve Norman, S.M. (2007) Positive Psychological Capital: Measurement and Relationship with Performance and Satisfaction. Personnel Psychology. 60. 541-572.
Luthans, F. ve Youssef, C.M. (2007). Emerging Positive Organizational behavior. Journal of Management. 33. 321-349.
Luthans, F. ve Avolio, B.J. (2009). The Point of Positive Organizational Behavior. Journal of Organizatonal Behavior. 30. 291-307.
Luthans, F. ve Avey, J.B. ve Avolio, B.J. ve Peterson, S.J. (2010). The Development and Resulting Performance Impact of Positive Psychological Capital. Human Resource Development Quarterly. 21(1): 41-67.
Makikangas, A. Ve Bakker, A.B. ve Aurola, K. Ve Demerouti, E. (2010). Job Resources and Flow at Work: Modeling the Relationship via Latent Growth Curve and Mixture Methodology. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. 83: 795-814.
Meydan, C.H. ve Şeşen, H. (2011). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
Moneta, G.B (2004). The Flow Experiences Across Cultures. Journal of Happiness Studies. 5: 115- 121.
Moneta, G.B. ve Csiskzentmihalyi, M.( 1996). The Effect of Perceived Challanges and Skills on the Quality of Subjective Experiences. Journal of Personality. 64(2): 275-310.
Motowidlo, S.J. ve Borman, W.C. ve Schmit, M.J. (1997). A Theory of Individual Differences in Task and Contextual Performance. Human Performance, 10(2): 71-83.
Nakamura, J. Ve Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2005). ‘The Concept of Flow’. Handbook of Positive Psychology. Snyder, C.R. ve Lopez, S.J. (Der). Oxford:Oxford University Press.89-105.
Rahman S. ve Bullock P., (2005), Soft TQM, Hard TQM, and Organizational Performance Relationships: An Empirical Investigatio , Omega, 33,1, 73-83.
Rathi, N. Ve Rastogi, R. (2008). Job Satisfaction and Psychological Well-Being. The Ifcai Univesity Journal of Organizational Behavior. 7:4. 47-57.
Scherier, M.F. ve Carver, C.S.(1985). Optimism, Coping and Health: Assessment and Implications of Generalized Outcome Expectancies. Health Psychology.4: 219-247.
Schmitt, D.P. ve Allik, J. Ve McCrae, R.R. ve Benet-Martinez, V. (2007). The Geographic Distribution of Big-Five Personality Traits: Patterns and Profiles of Human Self-Description Across 56 Nations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 38(2): 173-212.
Schumutte, P.S. ve Ryff, C.D. (1997). Personality and Well-Being: Re-examining Methods and Meanings. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 73(3): 549-559.
Seligman, M.E. ve Csikzentmihaly, M. (2000). Pozitive Psychology: An Introduction. American Psychologist. 555: 5-14.
Seligman, M.E.P. ve Peterson, C.M. (2003). Positive Organizational Studies: Lessons From Positive Psychology. Positive Organizational Scholarship. K.S. Cameron, J.E. Dutton ve R.E. Quinn (Der). San Francisco: Berrett Koehler. 14-27.
Snyder, C.R. ve Sympsons, S. ve Ybasco,F. ve Bondens,J. ve Babyak,M. ve Higgins,R.(1996). Development and Validation of the State Hope Scale. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 70: 321-335.
Staw, B. M., Sutton, R. I., ve Pelled, L. H. (1994). Employee positive Emotion and Favorable Outcomes at the Workplace. Organization Science, 5, 51–71
Şehitoğlu, Y.(2010). Örgütsel Sessizlik, Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı ve Algılanan Çalışan Performans İlişkisi. Yayınlanmış Doktora Tezi. Gebze İleri Teknoloji Enstitüsü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İşletme Ana Bilim Dalı. Gebze.
Taris, W. Ve Schreurs, P.J.G. (2009). Well-Being and Organizational Performance: An Organizational Level Test of the Happy-Productive Worker Hypothesis. Work and Stress. 23:2. 120-136.
Thompson, E. (2008). Development and Validation of an International English Big_Five Mini Markers. Personality of Individual Differences. 45: 542-548.
Thompson, E.ve Phua, F.T.T. (2012). A Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction. Group and Organization Management. 37:275-307.
Tubre, T. ve Arthur, W. Jr. ve Benett, W.Jr. (2006). General Models of Job Performance; Theory and Practice Performance Measurement. Current Perspectives and Future Challenges. Bennet, W. ve Lance C.C. ve Woehr,D.J. (Der) Lawrance Erlbaum Associates. 175-205
Viswesvaran, C. (2001). Assessment of Individual Job Performance: A review of the Past Century and a Look Ahead. Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. 1: 110-126.
Wagnild, G.M. ve Young, H.M. (1993). Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Resiliency Scale. Journal of Nursing Management. 1(2): 165-178.
Wiagard, W.W. ve Geller, E.S. (2004) Connecting Positive Psychology and Organizational Behavior Management. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management. 24(1): 3-25.
Williams, R.S. (2002). Managing Employee Performance: Design and Implementation in Organizations. International Thompson Business Press.
Wright, T.A. (2003). Positive Organizational Behavior: An Idea Whose Time has Truly Come. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 24: 437-442.
Wright, T.A. ve Cropanzano, R. (2004). The Role of Psychological Well-Being in Job Performance: A Fresh Look at an Age-Old Quest. Organizational Dynamics. 33;4. 338-351.
Wright, T.A. ve Cropanzano, R. (2007). Well-Being, Satisfaction and Job Performance: Another Look at the Happy-Productive Thesis. Academy of Management Proceedings. 364-363

ISSN: 2667-5617
Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 6 Sayı
Başlangıç: 2006
Yayıncı: ASOS Eğitim Bilişim Danışmanlık Otomasyon Yayıncılık Reklam Sanayi ve Ticaret LTD ŞTİ