Kovid-19 Pandemisi Döneminde Sosyal Mesafeli Çalışma Biçimi: Tele-çalışma

Yeni bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin işgücü ve istihdam üzerindeki etkileri hala tartışılmaya devam ederken, Çin’de patlak veren Kovid-19 pandemisi, aniden gündeme oturmuş ve sadece birkaç hafta içinde dünyadaki insanların yaşam tarzlarında radikal bir değişikliğe yol açmıştır. Bu bağlamda, Kovid-19’un yayılmasını önlemek için, “sosyal izolasyonun” yanı sıra, insanların birbiriyle olan temasını en aza indirmeye yönelik “sosyal mesafe” kuralı son derece hayati hale gelmiştir. Kovid-19 pandemisinin insan sağlığı üzerindeki doğrudan yıkıcı etkilerinin yanı sıra, insanların fiziksel ve zihinsel sağlığını derinden etkileyerek, insanların yaşam ve çalışma tarzları üzerinde de önemli etkileri olmuştur. Bu açıdan, Kovid-19 pandemisi ile sosyal mesafeli çalışmaya imkan sağlayan tele-çalışma hiç olmadığı kadar önem kazanmıştır. Bu süreçte ekonomik faaliyetlerini sürdürmek isteyen şirketlerin tele-çalışma gibi standart dışı çalışma uygulamalarına geçtikleri görülmüştür. Ancak, Kovid-19 pandemisinin çalışma biçimleri ve istihdam üzerindeki etkileri ve tele-çalışmaya ilişkin sınırlı sayıda çalışmanın yapılmış olması oldukça dikkat çekidir. Bu eksikliği gidermek ve literatüre katkı sağlamak için bu çalışma, sosyal mesafeli çalışmaya elverişli tele-çalışma türleri, teleçalışmayı cazip kılan nedenler ve bazı ülkelerde uygulanan tele-çalışma düzenlemeleriyle ilgili deskriptif bir inceleme sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada temel olarak, tele-çalışmanın Kovid-19 pandemisinden sonra çalışma hayatının yeni normali haline geleceği ve yasal düzenlemelerin yanı sıra, ulusal veya sektörel toplu pazarlıkların tele-çalışmanın genel çerçevesinin belirlenmesi açısından önemli roller oynayacağı ileri sürülmektedir.

Form of Social Distancing Work in the Period of the Covid-19 Pandemic: Telework

While the effects of new information and communications technologies on labour force and employment are still being discussed, the Covid-19 pandemic which broke out in China has suddenly come to the fore and led to a radical change in the lives of people around the world in just a few weeks. In this context, in order to prevent the spread of the Covid-19, “social isolation” and “social distancing” rules towards minimising people’s contact with each other has become extremely vital. In addition to the direct destructive effects of the Covid-19 on human health, it has also had significant effects on people’s living and working manners, by profoundly affecting people’s physical and mental health. In this regard, with the Covid-19 pandemic, telework which allows social distancing working has gained importance than ever before. In this process, it is seen that companies which want to keep running their economic activities have begun to adopt non-standard work practices such as telework. However, it is noticed that a limited number of studies have been made over telework and the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on forms of work and employment. To address this gap and contribute to the literature, this study aims to present a descriptive study on telework types, which are eligible for social distancing working, the reasons that make telework attractive, and telework regulations that are enforced by some countries. In this sense, the study argues that telework which becomes the socio-economic drug of combating pandemic will be new normal of work-life after the Covid-19 pandemic, and the legal regulations and the national or sectoral collective bargainings will play significant roles in term of the general framework of telework.

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