Kötü Huylu Problem Perspektifinden Covid-19 Pandemisi ile Mücadele Stratejileri: Teorik ve Pratik Bir Analiz

Bu çalışmada Covid-19 pandemisinin tıbbi ve sosyo-ekonomik boyuttaki etkileri ile mücadelede merkezi düzeyde izlenmesi gereken en uygun mücadele stratejilerinin ne olduğunun açığa çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada teorik ve pratik düzeyde bir takım bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın teorik bulgularından ilki, kötü huylu problemlerle mücadelede en uygun stratejilerin problemlerin sahip olduğu kendine has özelliklere göre değişebileceğidir. İkincisi, alt problem boyutlarına odaklanmadan her bir kötü huylu problemle mücadeleye ilişkin stratejiler geliştirmenin uygun olmadığına ilişkindir. Covid-19 pandemisinin alt problem kategorileri olan tıbbı ve sosyo-ekonomik boyutlarda problemlerin kendine has özelliklerine göre farklı stratejiler daha etkin olmaktadır. Covid 19’un tıbbi etkileri ile daha etkin bir mücadelede yüksek düzeyde dikey ve yatay koordinasyon, güçlü ve kararlı liderlik tarzları ve uzman bilgisi ve kanıta dayalı otoriter stratejiler; sosyo-ekonomik boyuttaki etkileri ile mücadelede ise iş birliğine dayalı stratejiler ön plana çıkmaktadır. Çalışmada pratik düzeyde, karar alıcılara ve uygulayıcılara Covid-19 ile mücadelede hangi stratejilerin ne şekilde başarılı olabileceğini göstermesi açısından da önemli bulgular elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada literatür taraması ve doküman incelemesini içeren nitel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Literatür taramasında kötü huylu problemlerle mücadeleyi ele alan teorik ve pratik düzeydeki kamu yönetimi ve kamu politikası alanındaki çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Doküman incelemesinde ise Covid-19 mücadelesini konu edinen ulusal ve uluslararası kuruluş raporları, uzman görüşleri, makaleler, haberler ve ülke deneyimleri ile ilgili değerlendirmelerden faydalanılmıştır.

Strategies for Tackling Covid-19 Pandemic from the Wicked Problem Perspective: A Theoretical and Practical Analysis

This study aims to find out what are the most suitable strategies to be followed at the governmental level in tackling the effects of Covid-19 pandemic in its medical and social-economic dimensions. In the study, some findings were reached at the theoretical and practical level. The first of the theoretical findings of the study is to demonstrate that the most appropriate strategies to tackling wicked problems may vary depending on specific characteristics of the problems. The second is that it different strategies are more suitable depending on specific characteristics of problems in medical and social-economic problem dimensions which are the sub-problem categories of Covid-19 pandemic. The question of which strategies can be more suitable in tackling the Covid-19 varies depending on specific characteristics of the sub-problem categories. While authoritarian strategies based on expert knowledge and evidence, high level of coordination and strong and high profile leadership styles come to fore in a more effective tackling against the medical effects of Covid-19, main focus in tackling the social-economic effects of it is collaboration. This study also reached important findings to show the political leaders and practitioners which strategies can be successful and how they can be successful in tackling Covid-19 at the practical level. In this study, the qualitative analysis method, which includes literature review and document review, was used. In the literature review, the studies conducted on tackling the wicked problems in the field of public administration and public policy at the theoretical and practical level were examined. In the document review, reports of national and international institutions, expert opinions, articles, news and evaluations of country experiences about tackling the Covid-19 were used.

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