BOSNA-HERSEK'TEKİ OSMANLI DÖNEMİ EL YAZMALARININ DURUMU

600 yüzyıla yakın hâkimiyeti sürecinde, gerek Anadolu gerekse Balkanları kendi boyası ile imarî açıdan inşa eden Osmanlı, kültürel ve manevi değerlerini de dil vasıtası ile söz konusu geniş coğrafyaya yaymıştır. Balkan toplumlarından biri olan Boşnaklar da yaklaşık 400 yıl boyunca Osmanlı İmparatorluğunun bir parçası olarak varlıklarını sürdürmüşler, bu zaman zarfında yerel kültürleri ile Osmanlı kültürünü birleştirmişlerdir. Yine bu dönem içinde, İstanbul başta olmak üzere çeşitli İslam merkezlerinden getirtilen birçok eser, Balkanlar ve dolayısıyla Bosna-Hersek'te kurulan medreselerdeki istinsah merkezlerinde çoğaltılmıştır. Daha sonraki dönemlerde de Türkçe eğitim verilen medreselerden yetişen Balkan aydınları, Türkçe ve Boşnakça birçok eser telif etmişlerdir. Şu anda, bu telif ve istinsah eserlerin çoğu kütüphane, müze, tekke ve evlerde mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada, Bosna-Hersek'te çeşitli yerlerde bulunan ve henüz bazılarının katalog çalışması yapılmamış olan Osmanlı Türkçesi'ne ait yazma eserler ile bu yazmaların bulunduğu yerler hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Öncelikle yazmaların mevcut olduğu yerler kantonlara göre tasnif edilmiş ve kantonlardaki yazmaların durumu aktarılmıştır. Özellikle Bosna-Hersek'in en eski ve en büyük kütüphanesi olan Gazi Hüsrev Bey Kütüphanesi hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi verilmiştir. Daha sonra Bosna-Hersek'te bulunan Osmanlı Türkçesi'yle yazılmış el yazmaları iki alt başlıkta toplanmıştır. İlk olarak, tek nüshası Bosna-Hersek'te olduğu düşünülen eserlere değinilmiştir. İkinci başlıkta ise, Bosna'daki kütüphanelerde tarihi bilinen en eski eserler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bosna'nın muhtelif yerlerinde bulunan Osmanlı Türkçesi'yle yazılmış eserlerin tespitinin ve kataloglama çalışmalarının henüz başlangıç seviyesinde olduğu görülmüştür

THE CONDITION OF MANUSCRIPTS DURING OTTOMAN PERIOD IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Nearly 600 centuries in dominated the process, Ottoman who built both in terms of Anatolia and the Balkans with its own paint zoning, cultural and spiritual values has spread to wide geography in question by means of the language. Bosnia-Herzegovina has existed for nearly 400 years as part of the Ottoman Empire. Bosniaks are a society that combines the Ottoman culture with their own cultural values. Ottomans while building the Balkans with its own reconstruction paints, it transfered the cultural and spiritual values to the Balkan folk throughout the language. Many works, which were brought from various Islamic centers, mainly in Istanbul, They have been replicated in the the copied centers of madrassas in the Balkans. İn the later periods Balkan intellectuals who grew up from madrasas in Turkish language, they have many copyrighted works in Turkish and Bosnian Currently, most of the copyright and copied works are exist in the library museums lodge, and homes. In this study, it is given information about manuscripts of the Ottoman and the location of these manuscripts which have not yet been done its catalog work in several places of Bosnia-Herzegovina. Primarily the location of writing have been classified according to the cantons and the present situation of writing in the canton have been transferred. Especially it is given detailed information about the oldest and largest library the “Gazi Husrev Bey Library” in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Later, the Ottoman manuscripts which are exist in Bosnia-Herzegovina are divided into two subtitles. First of all, it has mentioned in works which are considered to be a single copy in Bosnia-Herzegovina. The second title, it has tried to determine the oldest known historical works in the library of Bosnia-Herzegovina. İt has been seen the determination of the Ottoman manuscripts and cataloging works which are located in various parts of Bosnia are in early level. A different importance was given to books in Bosnian culture, many valuable works were stored in the house. In the Ottoman period from various Islamic centers, especially books which were brought from Istanbul next to be taught in the madrasas, as personal the some books were read and stored in the house. In subsequent periods while constituting libraries these books which were found in house in consequence of donating books, which will be a single copy many works has been taken place in the libraries. Some copies of these works are not even in Turkey. From these works some of tag data were given in the article. It was utilized from the Gazi Husrev Bey Library catalog www.yazmalar.gov.tr. while works are being selected. First of all works which found as a single copy were identified in Bosnia.Their number is 485. Then by entering www.yazmalar.gov.tr, not only in Bosnia, it was removed a single copy which was found in the written catalog. They have been classified according to subject. Especially under the title of dictionaries information which were found with Turkish language and literature have tried to give. But the issue of classifications were seen wrong done to some artifacts in the catalog. Therefore, there were given the characteristics of the works on different topics. Besides, except the writings catalog of some works, also it may be copies in different catalogs. Gazi Husrev Bey Library hosts in also many manuscripts as it is the first and largest library of Bosnia. The oldest of them, it is named Ghazzali's Ihya Ulûmi'd-religion which copied in 1131 year. There is available the library which was founded in 1537 and some of the works which were written or copied in the 16th century. The first works of the library can be said for some parts of these works. Especially most of the places were determined which is belong to Ottoman period written manuscripts in Bosnia-Herzegovina. But here could not be reached to the works of catalog information. The reason is that at the level of catalog work couldn’t have done a classification catalog yet. In this Bosnian war has proved to be one of the priority target of libraries between 1992-1995 years. In this war was burned and destroyed Many manuscripts where found in the libraries. Traces of the Ottoman Empire were intended to wipe in Bosnia by taking away written with Ottoman Turkish works. In the meantime, 155,000 from unique books and written work which occurred were destroyed many of 1.5 million works. Belong to various periods many manuscripts which were collected in Gazi Husrev Bey Library, there has been determined as one copy. Their number is 485. Some part of works are available in different written copy catalog, and also there are given information about not being the works in the catalogs. In the researches, the most ancient copies which is known in history has tried to determine in Gazi Husrev Bey Library, the oldest copy which were copied in 1131 year it was seen Ghazzali’s Ulûmi'dreligion in the library. The library which was opened in 1537 year here the oldest artifacts which were detected to be understood that belong to XVI. Century. Here were also given some part of features from those works. Number of works which was found in the written catalog has been identified as 2744 in Bosnia. They have also been classified according to subjects. Accordingly, religious, 1149, languages 564, literature, 539, science 298, medical 84, astrology 58, history 25, encyclopedic 19, mathematics 4, philosophy 3, regarding geography a book has revealed. These artifacts which were determined and much more will be expected to reveal in various locations of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Here result of investigations which will be done by investigators certainly valuable artifacts will be brought in the knowledge world.

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