Kilis ilinde 2012-2018 yılları arasındaki bebek ölüm hızları ve bebek ölüm nedenleri

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kilis ilindeki bebek ölüm hızlarını ve bebek ölüm nedenlerini belirlemektir. Yöntem: Çalışma, ölüm kayıtlarının ve ölüm sonrası raporlarının incelenmesiyle yapılan tanımlayıcı retrospektif bir çalışmadır. 1 Ocak 2012 ve 31 Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında Kilis’te meydana gelen ve Kilis Devlet Hastanesi’ne ve ardından Kilis İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü’ne bildirilen yıllık bebek ölümleri incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Kilis’te bebek ölüm hızı 2012-2018 yılları arasında 1000 canlı doğumda 18.4 ölüm olarak belirlendi. Erkek, erken doğmuş ve düşük doğum ağırlıklı (DDA) bebeklerde bebek ölümleri daha yüksekti. Bebek ölümlerinin yüzde elli dördü erken doğan bebeklerde meydana gelmiştir. Ölen bebeklerin annelerinin yarısından fazlası (%61.7) Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün önerdiği asgari doğum öncesi bakım ziyaretlerine (en az 4 ziyaret) sahip değildi. Kısa gebelik ve düşük doğum ağırlığı ile ilgili bozukluklar, başka yerde sınıflandırılmamış (%26.6), konjenital malformasyonlar, deformasyonlar ve kromozomal anormallikler (%19.4) ve perinatal dönemden kaynaklanan diğer solunum rahatsızlıkları (%13.0) 2012- 2018 yıllarında ölen bebeklerin başlıca üç ölüm nedeni olmuştur. Sonuç: Kilis’te yedi yıllık dönemdeki bebek ölüm hızı ulusal ve bölgesel tahminlerin üzerindedir. Çalışmamız bebek ölümlerinin çoğunun erkek, preterm ve düşük doğum ağırlıklı (DDA) bebeklerde meydana geldiğini göstermektedir. Kurumsal doğumların teşvik edilmesi, tehlike işaretlerinin erken tanınması, sevk sisteminin güçlendirilmesi ve sağlık profesyonellerinin periyodik olarak yeniden eğitilmesiyle bebek ölümlerinin çoğu önlenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bebek, mortalite, ölüm nedeni, Türkiye

Infant mortality rates and causes of infant deaths in Kilis province between 2012 and 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the infant mortality rate and the causes of infant death in Kilis Province, Turkey. Methods: This was a descriptive and retrospective study which utilized records and documentation from the death register and post-mortem reports. Annual infant deaths occurring in Kilis between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018 which were reported to the Kilis State Hospital and then to the Kilis Provincial Directorate of Health, were reviewed. Results: The infant mortality rate for Kilis was 18.4 deaths per 1000 live births between 2012 and 2018. Infant deaths were higher for male, preterm, and low-birthweight (LBW) babies. 54% percent of the infant deaths occurred in preterm babies. More than half (%61.7) of the mothers who died in labor did not have the minimum number of prenatal care visits (at least 4 visits) recommended by World Health Organization. Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight, not elsewhere classified (26.6%), congenital malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities (19.4%), and other respiratory conditions originating in the perinatal period (13.0%) were the three leading causes of infant deaths between 2012 and 2018. Conclusions: The infant mortality rate in Kilis for the seven year period was higher than the national and the regional estimates. Our study showed that most infant deaths occurred in male, preterm, and low birth weight (LBW) infants. Most of the deaths among infants were preventable through promotion of institutional deliveries, early recognition of danger signs, strengthening of referral systems and periodic retraining of health care professionals.

Keywords:

Infant, mortality, cause of death, Turkey,

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