Seyed Abolfazl MOHTASHAMI, Tahereh KAGHAZCHI, Reza ASADI KESHEH, Mansooreh SOLEIMANI, Neda ASASIAN KOLUR

Optimization of sugarcane bagasse activation to achieve adsorbent with high affinity towards phenol

Sugarcane bagasse as an agricultural/industrial biomass was converted into a low-cost activated carbon via anacid activation procedure under optimized conditions. Phosphoric acid was applied as a cost-effective and environmentallyfriendly chemical activator. The optimized activated carbon produced under temperature of 550 °C and impregnationratio of 1.5 showed a micromesoporous structure with specific surface area and pore volume of 972.5 m2/g and 0.43cm3/g, respectively. The adsorption capacity of the produced AC towards phenol was measured and, after only 30 min,the removal percentage reached over 95%. The greatest affinity towards phenol was obtained at pH of 4 justified by thepHpzc of the sorbent and speciation of phenol in solution. Under the intermediate concentration range, the Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm was the best-fit model for describing the equilibrium data. The apparent adsorption energy wasequal to 10.94 kJ/mol. All the evidence showed that the mechanisms involved in phenol adsorption were ion-exchange,electrostatic, and physical adsorption.

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