Çalışanların Sosyo-Demografik Özelliklerinin Mutluluğa Etkisi: Antalya’daki Otel İşletmelerinde Bir Uygulama

Bu çalışmada, turizm çalışanlarının mutluluk düzeylerinin saptanması ve sosyo-demografik değişkenlerin çalışanların mutluluk düzeylerine etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Uygulama, Antalya-Manavgat’ta bulunan 11 adet 5 yıldızlı otelde çalışan 307 kişi üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği-kısa formu (OHQ-SF) ve kişisel bilgi formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde güvenirlik analizi, faktör analizi, t-testi ve Anova analizi kullanılmıştır. Mutluluk ölçeğinin güvenilirlik değeri (Cronbach alfa) 0,711 olarak saptanmıştır. Faktör analizi sonucunda, mutluluk ölçeğinden orijinalinde olduğu gibi tek boyut elde edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, çalışanların mutluluk düzeyinin eğitim düzeyi, görev yapılan departman ve aylık ücret düzeyi bakımından farklılaşma gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Öte yandan, çalışanların mutluluk düzeyi yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, turizm eğitimi alıp almama, işletmede ve sektörde çalışma süreleri ile kadro durumu bakımından farklılaşma göstermemektedir. Literatürde turizm çalışanlarının mutluluğuna dair sadece birkaç araştırmaya rastlanmış olması, bu çalışmaya özgünlük katmaktadır.

The Effect of Employees' Socio-Demographic Features on Happiness: An Application in Hotel Businesses in Antalya

In this study, it was aimed to determine the happiness levels of tourism employees and to examine the effects of socio-demographic variables on their happiness levels. The survey was carried out on 307 persons working in 11 5-star hotels in Antalya-Manavgat. The data were collected using the Oxford Happiness Scale-short form (OHQ-SF) and a personal information form. Reliability analysis, factor analysis, t-test and Anova analysis were used in the analysis of the data. The reliability coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) of the happiness scale was found 0.711. As a result of the factor analysis, a single dimension was obtained from the happiness scale, as in the original. As a result of the analysis, it has been determined that the happiness level of the employees differs in terms of education level, the department they work in and the monthly wage level. On the other hand, the level of happiness of the employees does not differ in terms of age, gender, marital status, whether they have received tourism education or not, the duration of work in the business and the sector, and the staff status. The fact that only a few studies on the happiness of tourism employees have been encountered in the literature adds originality to this study

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