RAMAZAN ŞADET GÜVERCİN, FATİH KILLI, Selçuk SUNULU

Farklı Yüksekliğe Sahip Çevrelerin Line x Tester Yöntemiyle Geliştirilmiş Pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Melezlerinde Gün-Derece Üniteleri ile Verim ve Lif Kalitesine Etkisi

Sıcaklık, pamukta (Gossypium hirsutum L.) büyüme ve gelişmeyi etkileyen en önemli bir faktördür. Bu çalışma, 2011 yılında yapılan melezlemeyi takiben, 2012 yılında, yükseltileri farklı Kahramanmaraş ve Elbistan koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, Çoklu dizi (Line x Tester) yöntemine uygun melezlemeyle geliştirilmiş onbeş F1 kombinasyonu ile bu melezlerin sekiz ebeveyni, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü yetiştirilmiş ve genotiplerin taraklanma, çiçeklenme, koza açma ve hasat dönemlerine ait gün sayıları ve gün-derece ünitelerinin yanı sıra kütlü pamuk verimi, çırçır randımanı, lif inceliği ve lif uzunluğu incelenmiştir. Lokasyonlar arasındaki fark lif uzunluğu hariç diğer özelliklerde değişime neden olmuştur. Genotipler, taraklanma için Elbistan koşullarında daha çok, ilk çiçek, ilk koza açma ve hasat zamanları için daha az gün-derece ünitesi kullanırken, bu ünitelerin temini için Kahramanmaraş’tan daha fazla gün sayısına ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Bu durum, Elbistan’da 195 günde temin edilen 1593.5 oC gün-derece ünitesiyle 207.41 kg da-1 ortalama kütlü üretimini oluştururken, Kahramanmaraş’ta 157 günde temin edilen 2480.1 oC gün-derece ünitesiyle 426.25 kg da-1 kütlü üretimi oluşmuştur. Sonuç olarak ise Elbistan için 1x4 F1 melezi ile Fantom çeşidinin, Kahramanmaraş için ise 1x5 F1 melezi ile Stoneville 468 çeşidinin önemli olduğu saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Pamuk, çevre etkisi, çoklu dizi analizi, gün-derece ünitesi, verim ve lif özellikleri.

Environmental Impacts Having Different Altitude on Day-Degree Units with Yield and Fiber Quality of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) F1 Hybrids Obtained By Line x Tester Design

Temperature is an important factor that affecting growth and development in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). This research was carried out at Kahramanmaraş and Elbistan conditions having different altitude and temperature in 2012, after the hybridization which made in 2011. For this purpose, eight parents and their fifteen F1 hybrids which are obtained by Line x Tester used as a plant material in a randomized complete block design with four replications. In this study, the effects of Kahramanmaraş and Elbistan conditions were examined on the number of day and degree-day units required for squaring, flowering, bolls opening and harvesting times as well as seed cotton yield, gin outturn, fiber fineness and fiber length. Results indicated that investigated properties, except fiber length were affected by Kahramanmaraş and Elbistan conditions. While genotypes were using less degree-day unit for the first squaring in Elbistan, have been used more degree-day unit in Kahramanmaraş for the first flower, boll opening and harvest times. But, genotypes have been used more day number for collect to degree-day units in Elbistan. For this reason, although genotypes which have 207.41 kg da-1 seed cotton yield in 195 days using 1593.5 °C degree-day unit in Elbistan, had been got 426.25 kg da-1 seed cotton yield in 157 days using 2480.1 oC degree-day in Kahramanmaraş. As a result, 1x4 F1 hybrids and Fantom for Elbistan, 1x5 F1 hybrids and Stoneville 468 for Kahramanmaraş are found very important.

Keywords:

Cotton, environmental effect, line x tester mating, degree-day units, yield and fiber properties.,

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