Trichoderma harzianum Suşlarının Domates Fide Kalitesine Etkileri

Bu çalışma, Trichoderma harzianum’un fide gelişimine ve kalitesine olan etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla 2018 yılı bahar aylarında ardışık iki deneme olarak yürütülmüştür. I. denemede dört farklı T. harzianum suşu ve bir adet ticari T. harzianum preparatı tohum ekim ortamına eklenerek kullanılmış ve uygulama yapılmayan kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırılmıştır. En ümitvar sonuçları gösteren suş (Suş2) II. denemede yapraktan gübre (20:20:20) ile ve gübresiz olarak uygulanmış, yapraktan sadece gübre uygulaması kontrol olarak alınmıştır. Uygulamaların tohum çimlenmesine etkilerini ortaya koymak amacıyla tohumların çıkış süresi ve oranı saptanmıştır. Fide gelişimine ve kalitesi ile ilgili olarak dikim büyüklüğüne gelen fidelerde fide boyu, kök boyu, hipokotil çapı, yaprak kalınlığı, kök ve vejetatif aksam yaş ve kuru ağırlıkları, kuru madde içeriği, renk, klorofil indeksi, yaprak makro ve mikro element içerikleri ve kalite indeksi saptanmıştır. I. denemeden elde edilen veriler fide morfolojisi, fizyolojisi ve besin element içeriği üzerine T. harzianum suşlarının etkilerinin farklı olduğunu göstermiştir. Suş2 fide boyu, kök ve yeşil aksam kuru madde içeriği, toplam yaş ağırlık, klorofil, a renk değeri ve P, Ca, Mn, Cu ve Zn içerikleri bakımından diğer suşlardan ve ticari preparat uygulamasından daha iyi performans göstermiş ve fide kalitesini arttırmıştır. II. denemeden elde edilen sonuçlar kullanılan yaprak gübresinin T. harzianum Suş2’nin etkinliğini arttırdığını ortaya koymuştur. Gübresiz Suş2 uygulaması ölçülen tüm parametrelerde kontrol uygulamasından daha düşük değerler sergilemiştir. Elde edilen tüm veriler birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, fide biyokütlesi, bitki besin elementi alımı ve kalite indeksine olan olumlu etkileri nedeni ile T. harzianum’un fide kalitesini arttırmada kullanılabileceği, organik fide üretimi için de alternatif bir biyostimülant olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır

Effects of Trichoderma harzianum Strains on Seedling Quality of Tomato

This study was conducted to determine the effects of Trichoderma harzianum on seedling growth and quality as two consecutive experiments during the spring months of 2018. In the first experiment, four different T. harzianum strains and a commercial preparate were used by adding into seed sowing substrate and compared with control group which had no treatment. The most promising strain (strain2), was used with and without foliar fertilizer (20:20:20) and foliar fertilizer itself was considered as control. Emergence period and rate were determined to observe the effects of treatments of germination of seeds. Regarding the seedling growth and quality, seedling length, root length, hypocotyl diameter, leaf thickness, fresh and dry weights of root and shoots, dry matter content, color, chlorophyll index, leaf macro and micro plant nutrient contents and seedling quality index were determined at the planting stage. Data obtained from the first experiment showed that the effects of T. harzianum strains on seedling morphology, physiology and nutrient content were different. Among the tested strains, strain2 showed better performance on seedling length, root and shoot dry matter contents, total fresh weight, chlorophyll, a color value and P, Ca, Mn, Cu and Zn contents of leaves and improved seedling quality. The second experiment result showed that the foliar fertilizer application increased the efficiency of T. harzianum strain2. T. harzianum strain2 without foliar fertilizer remained below the control treament in all measured parameters. When all the data were evaluated together, it was concluded that T. harzianum could be used to increase seedling quality due to its positive effects on seedling biomass, plant nutrition uptake and quality index. Moreover, it can be used in organic seedling production as alternative biostimulant.

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