Moleküler Hidrojenin Tarım Alanında Kullanımı

Toplumsal kalkınma, tarım ile mümkün olmaktadır. Çevre kirliliği, doğal afetler, iklim değişikliği, gıda güvenliği ve nüfus artışının etkisiyle disiplinler arası “yeni tarım”, modern tarımın önemli bir trendi haline gelmektedir. Hidrojen, evren kütlesinin %75'inden fazlasını oluşturan, dünyada en yaygın bulunan elementtir. Hidrojen gazı inert, renksiz, kokusuz ve tatsız bir molekül olmakla birlikte, gelecekte temiz enerji için potansiyel bir kaynak olarak kabul edilmektedir. Hidrojenli tarım bilimi, temel olarak, hidrojenle zenginleştirilmiş su (HZS) veya H2 ile artan verim ve/veya H2 ile iyileştirilmiş tarım ürünleri kalitesinin altında yatan moleküler mekanizmalara odaklanmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalarla H2’nin sadece bitki büyüme ve gelişimine etki etmediği aynı zamanda bitkinin besin kalitesi ve raf ömrünü de etkilediği görülmüştür. H2 teknolojisi güvenli, sağlıklı ve yüksek ürün verimliliği gibi etkileri nedeniyle modern tarım uygulamalarında tarım ürünlerinin sürdürülebilirliği için umut verici bir uygulama olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalarla H2’nin bitkilerdeki rolü, tohum çimlenmesi, fide büyümesi, kök gelişimi, stoma açılıp kapanması, hasat öncesi ve sonrası tazelik ile antosiyanin sentezi gibi bitkinin çeşitli aşamalarında hidrojenli tarımın meydana getirdiği değişiklikler incelenmiştir.

Use of the Molecular Hydrogen in Agriculture Field

Social development is possible with agriculture. With the impact of environmental pollution, natural disasters, climate change, food security, and population growth, interdisciplinary "new agriculture" is becoming an important trend of modern agriculture. Hydrogen (H2) is the most common element on earth, making up more than 75% of the mass of the universe. Hydrogen gas is colorless, odorless, and tasteless and is considered a physiologically inert molecule and a potential source for clean energy in the future. Hydrogenated agriculture including mainly hydrogen-rich water (HRW) focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying improved agricultural product quality. Studies have shown that H2 does not only affect plant growth and development but also affects the nutritional quality and shelf life of the fruit. Hydrogenated agriculture emerges as a promising technology for the sustainability of agricultural products in modern agricultural practices thanks to the different beneficial effects of H2 such as safety, nutritional and antioxidative properties, and high product productivity. In this review, the roles of H2 in plants, seed germination, seedling growth, root development, stomatal opening and closing, pre-harvest freshness, post-harvest freshness, and the changes caused by hydrogenated agriculture at various stages of the plant such as anthocyanin synthesis have been investigated.

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