Patatesin Kısa Süreli Kuraklık Uygulamasına Fizyolojik Tepkileri

Bu çalışmada, patatesin kısa süreli kuraklık uygulamasına gösterdiği fizyolojik tepkilerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, iklim kontrollü sera koşullarında, iki farklı patates çeşidi (Desiree ve Russet Burbank) kullanarak bir kuraklık denemesi yürütülmüştür. Kuraklık uygulaması, çıkıştan 45 gün sonra (erken yumru gelişim döneminde) sulamanın tamamen kesilmesi şeklinde yapılmış ve 10 gün boyunca devam ettirilmiştir. Çalışmada stoma iletkenliği, terleme hızı, fotosentez hızı, klorofil indeksi, yaprak sıcaklığı, prolin içeriği, malondialdehit (MDA) miktarı ve hidrojen peroksit (H2O2) birikimi gibi fizyolojik karakterlerin yanı sıra ortalama tek yumru ağırlığı, bitki başına yumru sayısı ve bitki başına yumru verimi gibi verim öğeleri incelenmiştir. Sulama kesintisinin 5. gününden itibaren her iki çeşidin stoma iletkenliği, terleme hızı ve fotosentez hızlarında önemli düzeyde düşüş meydana gelmiş ve en yüksek düşüş 9. ve 10. günlerde gözlemlenmiştir. Sulama kesintisinin 10. gününde her iki çeşidin prolin içeriği iki kat artarken, H2O2 içeriğinde önemli bir değişim olmamıştır. Kuraklık uygulaması sonucunda her ne kadar MDA içeriği her iki çeşitte artmış olsa da, sadece Desiree çeşidindeki artış istatiksel olarak önemli olmuştur. Bunun yanında, kuraklık uygulaması her iki çeşidin de bitki başına yumru verimini önemli ölçüde değiştirmemesine rağmen, pazarlanabilir yumru veriminde önemli bir karakter olan tek yumru ağırlığının Russet Burbank çeşidinde önemli düzeyde azalmasına neden olmuştur

Physiological Responses of Potato to Short-Term Drought Treatment

The study aimed to identify physiological response of potato to drought. For this aim, a drought experiment was carried out by using two different potato varieties, cv. Desiree and Russet Burbank, under environmentally controlled greenhouse conditions. Drought treatment was initiated at 45 days after emergence (early tuber bulking period) by withholding irrigation for 10 days. Physiological traits such as stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll index, leaf temperature, proline content, malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 ) accumulation, in addition, some yield components average tuber weight, number of tubers and plant tuber yield were evaluated in the study. While the first significant decline in stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and photosynthetic rate of both varieties was occurred at the 5th day of withholding irrigation, the highest decline was observed at 9th and 10th days of withholding irrigation. Proline content in both varieties increased two times at 10th day of withholding irrigation, however, H2O2 accumulation was not changed significantly by drought treatment. Even though MDA accumulation was increased in both varieties under drought stress conditions, the increase was significant in Desiree whereas, it was not significant in Russet Burbank. In addition, while drought treatment did not change the plant tuber yield in both varieties, it caused to a significant decline in average tuber yield of Russet Burbank, being an important trait for marketable tuber yield.

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