Duygu Kışla, Gökhan Gurur Gökmen1

Nanoteknoloji Temelli Antimikrobiyal Yüzey Kaplama Teknolojileri ve Potansiyel Uygulama Alanları

Nanoteknoloji, 100 nanometreden daha küçük boyutlara sahip organik ve/veya inorganik partiküller ve bu partikülleri kullanarak geliştirilen her türlü teknolojik çalışmaları kapsayan geniş bir çalışma alanına sahiptir. Nanopartiküllerin üretiminde makro boyutlardaki malzemelerin nano boyutlara indirgendiği top-down yaklaşımları ve atom / moleküllerin farklı kimyasal reaksiyonlarla nano boyutlara çıkarıldığı bottom-up yaklaşımından faydalanılmaktadır. Günümüzde daha çok top-down yaklaşımlarla üretilen nanopartiküller gıda sanayii, su arıtma sistemleri, kozmetik ve tıp gibi pek çok endüstriyel alanda kullanılabilmektedir. Katı bir yüzeye doğru hareket etme, tutunma ve kolonileşme eğilimindeki mikroorganizmalar, bu yüzeylerde mikrobiyal biyofilm oluşumuna neden olmaktadır. Özellikle gıdaların işlendiği endüstriyel ortamlarda, su boru sistemlerinde, biyolojik dokularda ve tıbbi implantlarda mikrobiyal biyofilm oluşumları geleneksel antimikrobiyal uygulamalara karşı yüksek direnç göstermektedir. Bu nedenle yalnızca doğrudan insanlarla temas halinde olan yüzeyler değil gıdaların temas ettiği yüzeylerin de farklı antimikrobiyal kaplama teknikleriyle mikroorganizmalara karşı dirençli hale getirilmesi ihtiyacı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu derleme çalışmasında, nanomalzemelerin üretim yöntemleri, farklı antimikrobiyal yüzey kaplama teknikleri, antimikrobiyal nanopartiküllerin mikroorganizmalar üzerindeki etki mekanizmaları ve antimikrobiyal yüzeylerin potansiyel kullanım alanları hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır

Nanotechnology-Based Antimicrobial Surface-Coating Technologies and Their Potential Applications

Nanotechnology has a wide study field including organic and/or inorganic particles smaller than 100 nanometers and all kinds of technological studies developed using these particles. In the production of nanoparticles, top-down approaches in which macro-sized materials were reduced to nano-sizes and bottom-up approaches in which atoms / molecules were increased to nano-sizes by different chemical reactions, are used. Currently, nanoparticles produced by top-down approaches might be used in many industries such as food industry, water treatment systems, cosmetics, and medicine. Microorganisms that tend to move, adhere, and colonize a solid surface, cause the formation of microbial biofilm on these surfaces. Microbial biofilms show high resistance to traditional antimicrobial applications in industrial environments especially where food is processed, water piping systems, biological tissues and medical implants. Therefore, the requirement has emerged to make not only the surfaces in direct contact with people, but also the surfaces in contact with food, to be resistant to microorganisms by different antimicrobial coating techniques. In this review, it is aimed to give information about the production methods of nanomaterials, different antimicrobial surface- coating techniques, the mechanism of antimicrobial nanoparticles on microorganisms and potential applications of antimicrobial surfaces

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