Berrin OKUYUCU, Mehmet Levent ÖZDÜVEN, Serkan UĞURLU

Bakteriyel İnokulantların Çavdar (Secale cereale L.) Hasılı Silajlarında Fermantasyon, Aerobik Stabilite ve Yem Değeri Üzerine Etkileri

Bu çalışma laktik asit bakterileri ve laktik asit bakterileri+enzim karışımı inokulantlarının, çavdar hasılı silajlarının fermantasyon, aerobik stabilite, hücre duvarı kapsamı ve yem değeri üzerindeki etkilerinin saptanması amacı ile düzenlenmiştir. Çavdar hasılı hamur olum döneminde hasat edilmiştir. Laktik asit bakteri inokulantı olarak Biosil (Wuthenow, Germany), laktik asit bakterileri+enzim karışımı inokulantlar olarak Silaprilis Pro (Timac Agro, USA) ve Sil-All (Allteck, UK) kullanılmıştır. İnokulantlar silajlara 6,00 log10 koloni form ünite/g düzeyinde ilave edilmiştir. Uygulamadan sonra, 25×35 cm boyutunda ve oksijen geçirgenliği 1,13 cc/mm2 gün olan polietilen torbalara vakum makinasıyla silolanmıştır. Paketler laboratuvar koşullarında 20±2°C sıcaklıkta depolanmışlardır. Silolamadan sonraki 2, 4, 8 ve 75. günlerde her gruptan 3'er torba açılarak silajlarda kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik analizler yapılmıştır. Silolama döneminin sonunda açılan tüm silajlara 5 gün süre ile aerobik stabilite testi uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca araştırma silajlarının in vitro kuru madde ve organik madde sindirilebilirliği saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak laktik asit bakterileri ve laktik asit bakteri+enzim karışımı inokulantlar çavdar silajlarının fermantasyon özelliklerini ve aerobik stabilitelerini arttırmıştır. Ayrıca laktik asit bakteri+enzim inokulantları silajların nötral deterjanda çözünmeyen lif, asit deterjanda çözünmeyen lif ve selüloz kapsamını düşürürken, in vitro kuru madde sindirilebilirliği, organik madde sindirilebilirliği ve metabolik enerjisini artırmıştır. Bu nedenle, laktik asit bakterileri ve laktik asit bakterileri+enzim karışımı inokulantları, hamur aşamasında hasat edilen çavdar silajlarının fermentasyon özellikleri ve yem değerini iyileştirebilir.

The Effects of Bacterial Inoculants on the Fermentation, Aerobic Stability and Feed Value of Rye (Secale cereale L.) Silages

This study was carried out to determine the effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants and lactic acid bacteria+enzymes (LAB+E) inoculant on the fermentation, aerobic stability, and feed value of rye silages. Whole crop rye was harvested at dough stage. Biosil (Wuthenow, Germany), Silaprilis Pro (Timac Agro, USA) and Sil-All (Allteck, UK) were used as lactic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria+enzyme mixture inoculants. Inoculants were applied to silages at 6.00 log10 cfu/g levels. After the treatment, alfalfa was ensiled in 1.0-L special polyethylene vacuum bags. The bags were stored at 20±2°C under the laboratory conditions. Three bags from each group were sampled for chemical and microbiological analyses 2, 4, 8 and 75th days after ensiling. At the end of the ensiling period, all silages were subjected to an aerobic stability test for 5 days. In addition, in vitro dry matter, and organic matter digestibility of experiment silages were determined. The results showed that lactic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria+enzyme mixture inoculants increased characteristics of fermentation and aerobic stability of rye silages. Lactic acid bacteria+enzyme mixture inoculants decreased neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and celluloses content in the silages. Lactic acid bacteria+enzyme mixture inoculants increased in vitro dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility and metaboze energy of rye silages. Therefore, lactic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria+enzyme mixture inoculants might improve the fermentation properties and feed values of rye silages harvested at dough stage.

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