D vitamini metabolik sendrom bileşenlerini etkiler mi?

Metabolik sendrom tüm dünyada giderek yaygınlaşan kardiyometabolik komplikasyonları ile yüksek morbidite ve mortaliteye sahip önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Kalıtımla gelen bazı özellikler dışında hareketsiz yaşam tarzı, yanlış beslenme alışkanlıkları gibi çevresel etmenler metabolik sendrom için risk faktörü oluşturmaktadır. Metabolik sendromun önemli komponentleri; dislipidemi (HDL düzeyi düşüklüğü, artmış trigiserid düzeyi), hiperglisemi, yüksek kan basıncı ve abdominal obezitedir. Metabolik sendromu oluşturan beş ana komponent dışında temelinde insülin direncinin rol oynadığı düşünülen birçok klinik tabloda bu sendromun klinik yansımaları olarak kabul edilmektedir. Metabolik sendromun klinik yansımaları; diyabet, esansiyel hipertansiyon, visseral obezite, kardiyovasküler rahatsızlıklar, insülin direnci, osteoporoz, polikistik over sendromu, dislipidemi, hiperkoagulabilite, hiperürisemi, kemik mineral yoğunluğu, yağlı karaciğer ve uyku apnesidir. Son yıllarda D vitamininin, şişmanlık ve insülin direncinin neden olduğu hastalıkların oluşumunu önlediği, eksikliğinin ise bu hastalıkların ortaya çıkmasını kolaylaştırdığı ileri sürülmektedir. D vitamini yetersizliği gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde prevalansı giderek artan bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. D vitamini yağda eriyebilen bir vitamin olmasına karşın, vücutta sentez edilen ve sentezlendiği yerin dışında farklı bölgelerde etki göstermesi nedeniyle günümüzde bir hormon olarak ta tanımlanmaktadır. Kalsiyum dengesi üzerine bilinen olumlu etkilerinin yanı sıra, endokrin sistemle ilgili fizyolojik işlevlere de sahiptir. Vitamin D düzeyini gösteren en iyi gösterge serum 25(OH)D düzeyidir. D vitamini alımı ve 25(OH)D düzeyinin obezite, metabolik sendrom ve diyabetle ilişkili olduğu bildirilmektedir. Vitamin D ile ilişkisi en çok araştırılan hastalıklar; kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, böbrek hastalıkları, diyabet, obezite, metabolik sendromdur. Bu derlemede D vitaminin metabolik sendrom bileşenlerinden insülin direnci, diyabet, obezite, hipertansiyon, dislipidemi, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, yağlı karaciğer hastalığı, polikistik over sendromu ve kemik mineral yoğunluğu üzerine etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Does vitamin D affects components of the metabolic syndrome?

Metabolic syndrome is a major public healthproblem which has become increasingly commonworlwide with cardiometabolic complications andhave high morbidity and mortality. In addition tosome genetical features, environmental factorssuch sedentary lifestyle, improper eating habitsconstitutes a risk factor for metabolic syndrome.Important components of the metabolic syndromeare dyslipidemia (low HDL levels, high triglycerideslevel), hyperglycemia, elevated blood pressure andabdominal obesity. Forming metabolic syndromeof other than the five main components, insulinresistance on the basis thought to play a role inseveral clinical implications of this syndrome isconsidered. Clinical implications of the metabolicsyndrome are; diabetes, essential hypertension,visceral obesity, cardiovascular disorders, insulinresistance, osteoporosis, polycystic ovary syndrome,dyslipidemia, hypercoagulability, hyperuricemia,bone mineral density, fatty liver disease and sleepapnea. In recent years, it is suggested that vitaminD prevents the occurrence of diseases caused byobesity and insulin resistance and the lack of itfacilitates occurence of these diseases. VitaminD deficiency is a public health problem with agrowing prevalence in developed and developingcountries. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, butit is synthesized in the body and affect also otherregions it is expressed in the body. Because of thisit is described as a hormone in the present day.As well as its known positive effects on calciumbalance, it has also physiological functions relatedthe endocrine system. The best indicator showing the level of vitamin D is serum 25 (OH) D level. VitaminD intake and 25 (OH) D levels are reported to beassociated with obesity, metabolic syndrome anddiabetes. Diseases which are mostly researchedabout relation between Vitamin D are cardiovasculardisease, kidney disease, diabetes, obesity, metabolicsyndrome. In this review, evaluation of the effectsof Vitamin D on the metabolic syndrome componentsof insulin resistance, diabetes, obesity, hypertension,dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, fatty liverdisease, polycystic ovary syndrome and bone mineraldensity, was aimed.

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