Kaşıntı kontrolünde kullanılan nonfarmakolojik yöntemler,

Kaşıntı biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyal boyutları olan; deri hastalıkları başta olmak üzere birçok hastalıkta semptom olarak ortaya çıkan çok boyutlu bir durumdur. Etkin kaşıntı yönetiminde farmakolojik ve nonfarmakolojik yöntemler birbirini tamamlayıcı olarak ele alınmalıdır. Yapılan araştırmalar, nonfarmakolojik yöntemlerin kaşıntı şiddetini ve kaşıntıya bağlı ilaç kullanımını azalttığını göstermektedir. Sağlık profesyonellerinin rollerinden biri de, bu sorunu yaşayan bireyleri kaşıntı kontrolünde nonfarmakolojik yöntemlerin kullanımı konusunda bilgilendirmektir. Bu derlemede kaşıntı ve kaşıntı kontrolünde kullanılan nonfarmakolojik yöntemlere ait güncel bilgiler özetlemiştir.

[Using nonpharmacological methods for controlled itch]

Itching is a situation which has biological, psychological and sociological dimensions, accrue as a multi- dimensional symptom in many diseases, especially in skin diseases. Management of effective itch should be considered pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic as complementary methods. Researches shows that, nonpharmacologic methods are reduced using drugs related to itching and the severity of itching. One of the roles of health professionals is to advise individuals, who are living on this problem, using the nonpharmacologic methods in checking the itching. In this review, knowledge of current nonpharmacological methods modalities used to itching and checking the itching is summarized.

PDF

___

1. Arıcan Ö. Kaşıntının patofizyolojisi, kliniği ve tedavisi. Türkderm. 2005; 39(2): 88-97.
2. Yosipovitch G, Greaves MW, Schmelz M. İtch. The Lancet 2003; 361: 690-94.
3. Lovell P, Vender R B, Management and treatment of pruritus. Skin Therapy Letter. 2007: 12(1); 1-6.
4. İliçin G, Biberoğlu K, Süleymanlar G, Ünal S. İç Hastalıkları. Güneş Tıp Kitapevleri, 2. Baskı, Ankara; ss 1298-1308, 2005.
5. Schmelz M. Itch- mediators and mechanisms. J Dermatol Sci. 2002; 28: 91-6.
6. Narita I, Iguchi S, Omori K, et al. Uremic pruritus in chronic hemodialysis patients. J Nephrol. 2008; 21: 161-165.
7. Davidson S, Giesler G J. The multiple pathways for itch and their interactions with pain. Trends in Neurosciences. 2010; 33(12): 550-558.
8. Erturan İ, Akkaya BV. Kaşıntı ve mediyatörler. Dermatose. 2004; 1: 27-32.
9. Hagermarck O, Itch mediators. Semin Dermatol. 1995; 14: 271-276.
10. Yosipovitch G, Samuel LS. Neuropathic ve psychogenic itch. Dermatologic Therapy. 2008; 21: 32-41.
11. Yosipovitch G, Hundley JL. Practical guidelines for relief of itch. Dermatology Nursing 2004; 16(4): 325-28.
12. Steinhoff M et al. Neurophysiological, neuroimmunological and neuroendocrine basis of pruritus. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 2006; 126: 1705-1718.
13. Buddenkotte1 J, Steinhoff M. Pathophysiology and therapy of pruritus in allergic and atopic diseases. Allergy. 2010; 65: 805-821.
14. Tessari G, Dalle VC, Loschiavo C, et al. The impact of pruritus on the quality of life of patients undergoing dialysis: a single centre cohort study. J Nephrol 2009; 22(2): 241-8.
15. Choi J, Koo JYM. Quality of life issues in Psorasis. J AM Acad Dermatol. 2003; 9(2): 57-61.
16. Verhoeven L, Kraaimaat F, Duller P, et al. Cognitive, behavioral and physiological reactivity to chronic pain. İnternational Journal of Behavioral Medicine. 2006; 13(3): 237-243.
17. Van Os-Medendorp H, Ros WJ, Eland-de Kok PC, et al Effectiveness of the nursing programme 'Coping with itch': a randomized controlled study in adults with chronic pruritic skin disease.Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2007; 16: 1238-46.
18. Yosipovitch G. Pruritus: an update. Curr Probl Dermatol. 2003; 15: 135-44.
19. Stander S, Steinhoff M. Pathophysiology Of Pruritus In Atopic Dermatitis. Exp Dermatol. 2002; 11: 12-24.
20. Millikan ME. Alternative therapy in pruritus. Dermatologic Therapy. 2003; 16: 175-180.
21. Yetkin H, Baflak PY. Dermatolojide bitkisel tedavi. Türkderm. 2006; 40(2): 40-5.
22. Kara B. Kronik böbrek yetmezliğine bitkisel ürünlerin etkisi. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi. 2006; 48: 189-193.
23. Patel T, Ishiuji Y,Yosipovitch G. Menthol: A refreshing look at this ancient compound.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2007; 57(5): 873-5.
24. Levin C, Maibach H. Exploration of “Alternative” and “Natural” Drugs in Dermatology. Arch Dermatol. 2002; 138(2): 207-211.
25. Sfenefeld PD, management of psychodermatological disordes. Dermatology Nursing 2010. Erişim: [http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/730033], Erişim Tarihi:11.03.2011
26. Shenefeld PD. Hypnosis and dermatology. Arch Dermatology. 2000; 136: 393-399.
27. Rucklidgeab JJ, Saundersa D. The efficacy of hypnosis in the treatment of pruritus in people with HİV/AİDS: A time-series analysis. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis 2002; 50(2): 149-169.
28. Rucklidgeab JJ, Saundersa D. Hypnosis in a case of long-standing ıdiopathic ıtch. Psychosomatic Medicine. 1999; 61: 355-358.
29. Uçan Ö, Ovayolu N, Kanser ağrısının kontrolünde kullanılan nonfarmakolojik yöntemler .Fırat Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi. 2007; 2(4):124-133.
30. Evers AWM, Duller P, De Jong M G J, Marisol E. et al. Effectiveness of a multidisciplinary ıtchcoping training programme in adults with atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol. 2009; 89: 57-63.
31. Ro Y, Ha HC, Kim CG, Yeom HA. The effects of aromatherapy on pruritus in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Dermatology Nursing. 2002; 14(4): 237-56.
32. Potts J. Aromatherapy in nursing practice. Aust Nurs J. 2009; 16(11): 55.
33. Dunn C, Sleep J, Collett D. Sensing an improvement: an experimental study to evaluate the use of aromatherapy, massage and periods of rest in an intensive care unit. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 1995; 21: 34-40.
34. Saeki Y, Shıohara M. Physıologıcal effects of inhaling fragrances. The Internatıonal Journal of Aromatherapy. 2001; 11(3): 118-125.
35. Cooke B, Ernst E. Aromatherapy: a systematic review. British Journal of General Practice. 2000; 50: 493-96.
36. Shahgholian N, Dehghan M, Mortazavi M, Gholami F, Valiani M. Effect of aromatherapy on pruritus relief in hemodialysis patients Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2010; 15(4): 240–244.
37. Jeong S K, Park H J, Park BD, Kim H. Effectiveness of topical chia seed oil on pruritus of end-stage renal disease (esrd) patients and healthy volunteers. Ann Dermatol. 2010; 22(2): 143–148.
38. Roh YS, Cho H, Oh JO, Yoon C J. Effects of skin rehabilitation massage therapy on pruritus, skin status, and depression in burn survivors. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2007; 37(2): 221- 226.
39. Ha HC. Effect of Aromatherapy on skin xerosis and pruritus in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. J Korean Acad Nurs. 1999; 29(6): 1284-1293.
40. Sidorenko VN, Effects of medical resonance therapy music on patients with psoriasis and neurodermatitis a pilot study. Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science. 2000; 35(3): 208-211.
41. Lazaroff I, Shımshoni R.effects of medical resonance therapy music on patients with psoriasis and neurodermatitis a pilot study. Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science. 2000; 35(3): 189-198.
42. Kalyon T A, Akupunktur tedavisi. Türk Fiz Tıp Rehab Derg. 2007; 53(2): 52-7.
43. Steven K.H. Aung MD. Medical aqcupuncture. A Journal For Physicians By Physicians. 2001; 13(2): 1-11.
44. Shapiro R, Stockard H, Successful treatment of uremic pruritus: the acupuncture approach revisited. Dialysis & Transplantation. 2003; 32(I): 8-10.
45. Sezen K. Akupunktur teorik ve pratik, MN Medikal&Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, İstanbul; ss 21-51, 2002.
46. Kartal Ö, Çalışkaner Z, Şener O. Astım ve alerjik hastalıklarda akupunktur. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2011; 10(1): 107-114.
47. Karamehmetoğlu ŞS. Bilimsel verilerin ışığında akupunktur ve fiziksel tıp ile rehabilitasyon. Akupunktur Dergisi. 2011; 1(42): 1-4.
48. Beal MW. Acupuncture and acupressure. Journal of Nurse-Midwifery. 1999; 44(3): 217-221.
49. Susan W. Acupuncture and acupressure. İntegratıve ımedıone hartford. Hospıtal. 2005; 2(3): 1-8.
50. Stellon A, Neurogenic pruritus: an unrecognised problem? A retrospective case series of treatment by acupuncture. Akupunktur In Medıcıne. 2002; 20(4): 186-90.
51. Stellon A, The Use of Laser acupuncture fort the treatment of Neurogenic pruritus in a Child-a case history. Akupunktur In Medıcıne. 2005; 23(1): 31- 33.
52. Che-yi C, Yu Wen C, Min-Tsung K, et al. Acupuncture in haemodialysis patients at the Quchi (LI11) acupoint for refractory uraemic pruritus. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005; 20: 1912- 1915.
53. Salameh F, Perla D, Solomon M, et al. The effectiveness of combined Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. J Altern Complement Med. 2008; 14(8): 1043-8.
54. Belgrade MJ, Solomon LM, Lichter EA. Effect of acupuncture on experimentally incuded itch. Skin Pharmacol. 1992; 5(1): 1-8.
55. Kesting MR, Thurmüller P, Hölzle F et al. Electrical Ear acupuncture reduces histamine-induced itch. Acta Derm Venereol. 2006; 86: 399-403.
56. Özyaşar L. Akupresör yada iğnesiz akupunktur. Biblos kitapevi. İstanbul 2006
57. Tsay SL, Chen ML. Acupressure and quality of sleep in patientswith end-stage renal disease-a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2003; 40(1): 1-7.
58. Tsay SL, The Acupressure and transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation in ımproving fatigue, sleep quality and depression in hemodialysis patients. American Journal of Chinese Medicine (AJCM) 2004; 32(3): 407- 416.
59. Tsay SL, Rong JR, Lın PF. Acupoints massage in improving the quality of sleep and quality of life in patients with end-stage renal disease. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2003; 42(2): 134-142.
60. Kılıç Akça N, Karataş N, Taşcı S. Hemodiyaliz Tedavisi Alan Bireylere Uygulanan Akupres’in Kaşıntı Durumuna Etkisi. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Hemşirelik Anabilim Dalı (İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği) Doktora Tezi, Kayseri 2011.
61. Jedras M, Bataa O, Gellert R, et al. Acupresure in the treatment of uremic pruritus, Dialysis & Transplantation. 2003; 32(1): 257-265.
62. Lee KC, Keyes A, Hensley JR , Gordon JR , Kwasny MJ, West D P, Lio PA. Effectiveness of acupressure on pruritus and lichenification associated with atopic dermatitis: a pilot trial. Acupunct Med. 2012; 30: 8-11.
63. Kılıç Akça N, Taşcı S. Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Üremik Kaşıntı ve Akupresör Uygulaması. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı Dergisi. 2011; 4(1): 90-96 .
64. Turan N, Öztürk A, Kaya N, Hemşirelikte Yeni Bir Sorumluluk Alanı: Tamamlayıcı terapi. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanat Dergisi. 2010; 3(1): 93-98.