Özgür KARTAL, Zafer ÇALIŞKANER, Osman ŞENER

Astım ve allerjik hastalıklarda akupunktur tedavisi

Geçmişi oldukça eskilere uzanan akupunkturun günümüz modern tıbbında kullanımı ve saygınlığı giderek artmaktadır. Akupunktur noktaları ya da aku noktaları, vücut yüzeyindeki çizgisel meridyenler ve kanallar üzerinde yerleşmişlerdir. Bu noktalar iğne, palpasyon, ultrason, ışık veya elektrik akımı ile uyarılmaktadırlar. Akupunktur tedavisi, bu noktaların etkilenmesine dayanmaktadır. Ancak akupunkturda hala standart bir tanımlama ve klinik yaklaşım yoktur. İğne teknikleri ve uyarı şekilleri, hastalara ve uygulayıcılarına göre oldukça değişkendir. Son 50 yılda Dünya‟da pek çok ülkede, akupunktur teknikleri allerjik hastalıklar gibi çeşitli alanlarda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu derlemede, akupunkturun immün sistem üzerindeki etkileri ile çeşitli allerjik hastalıklardaki etki mekanizmaları hakkında çeşitli veriler sunulmuştur. Çalışmaların verilerine göre akupunkturun allerjik hastalıklarda, hipotalamus-hipofiz-adrenal yolak aktivasyonu ve steroid üretiminde artışa yol açarak etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. İnflamasyonun çeşitli belirteçlerinin ölçümlerinin de yapıldığı, geniş randomize çalışmalardan elde edilecek veriler ile akupunkturun immünolojik etkilerini ortaya koyabilecektir.

[Acupuncture treatment in asthma and allergic diseases]

Acupuncture has an historical significance and currently its‟ use and esteem are growing in modern medicine. Acupuncture points, or acu points are specific foci along lineer meridians or channels on skin surface. Recently, they are stimulated with needles, ultrasound, palpation, light and electric resistance. Acupuncture is based on influencing of acu points. However there is no standard definition or clinical approach to acupuncture. Needling techniques and forms of stimulation vary widely across patients and practitioners. During the last 50 years, acupuncture techniques have been put into practice in different regions of the world by most medical specialties, including allergic diseases. In this review, effects of acupuncture on immune system, and the possible mechanisms in allergic diseases are discussed. According to published data, effectiveness of acupuncture in allergic diseases seems to be related with the activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which is resulted in increased steroid production. Evidence from large randomised trials, including follow-up measurements of markers of inflammation, could be obtained to prove the immunologic effects of acupuncture.

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