Mustafa SAĞLAM, Orhan DENGİZ, K. Çağatay SELVİ, E. Fatma GÜRSOY, Çağla ATASOY

Farklı Toprak İşleme Yöntemlerinin Killi Toprağın Bazı Fiziksel Özellikleri Üzerine Etkilerinin Jeoistatistiksel Yöntemle Değerlendirilmesi

Bu çalışmada, ağır killi tekstüre sahip bir toprakta farklı toprak işleme uygulamalarının toprakların havalanma ve su iletimi ile ilişkili fiziksel toprak özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin jeoistatistiksel yöntemle araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Deneme, 2011 ve 2012 yıllarında Samsun ilinde Karadeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü arazilerindeki 11 m x 50 m boyutlarında hazırlanan parsellerde iki yıl süreyle yürütülmüştür. İlk yıl tüm toprak işleme uygulamalarının toplam porozite, mikropor, hacim ağırlığı ve organik madde içeriği üzerine etkileri istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuştur. Toprakların toplam porozite ve mikropor içeriği, toprak işleme uygulamarıyla artış gösterirken, toprakların hacim ağırlığı ve organik madde içeriklerinde toprak işlemeye bağlı azalmaların meydana geldiği görülmüştür. İkinci yıl ise toprak işleme uygulamalarının yalnızca makropor ve mikropor içeriğine etkileri istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuş, ancak mikropor içeriğindeki etkiler yıllara göre ters yönde değişkenlik göstermiştir. İkinci yılda toprak işleme uygulamalarının etkilerindeki değişkenlikler, 2012 yılındaki yağış miktarlarındaki artış ile açıklanmıştır. Toprakların her iki yılda da genelde toprak işleme uygulamalarıyla birlikte bitki gelişimi ve iyi drenaj için uygun makropor içeriklerine sahip olamadığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca Duncan çoklu karşılaştırma sonuçları ile Krigleme haritalarının önemli benzerlikler gösterdiği ve jeoistatistiksel yöntemlerin toprak yönetim uygulamalarına bağlı olarak toprak özelliklerindeki değişkenliklerin haritalanmasında başarılı bir şekilde kullanılabildiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hacim ağırlığı, killi toprak, toplam porozite, toprak işleme, jeoistatistik, Bulk density, clay soil, total porosity, soil tillage, geostatistics,

Assessment with Geostatistical Method for Effects of Different Soil Tillage Systems on Clay Soil's Some Physical Properties

The main aim of this research is to investigate effects of different soil tillage applications on soil physical properties related to soil aeration and water conductivity in soils having heavy soil texture using geostatistical method. Experiment was conducted on 11 m x 50 m sized plots located in Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute-Samsun between 2011 and 2012 years. It was found significant as statistically effects of all soil tillage applications on total porosity, micropore, bulk density and organic matter content for first year. It was showed that total porosity and micropore content of soils increased with applications of soil tillage whereas, bulk density and organic matter content decreased with the same applications. As for in second years, it was found statistically significant only for micro and macropore contents of soils under these applications. On the other hand, effects on micropore content of soils were showed inversely by taking into consideration of time. Variability of soil tillage effects for second years on it were explained with increasing amount of precipitation in 2012. It was determined that soils have not suitable macrospores for plant growth and for drainage under soil tillage applications in for both years. In addition, it was found the similarity between Duncan multiple comparison results and Kriging maps. Therefore, geostatistic methods can be used successfully for mapping of variations of soil properties depending at some soil management applications

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