Demokrasi ve dış ticaret: OECD ve MENA ülkeleri örneği

Demokrasinin ekonomik etkileri uzun zamandan beri araştırmacıların tartıştığı konuların başında gelmektedir. Küreselleşme ve liberalleşme faaliyetlerinin hız kazandığı 1980’li yıllardan sonra ise bu tartışmanın yeniden alevlendiğini görmekteyiz. Tartışma özellikle, demokrasinin ülkeler arasındaki ticaret ve küreselleşmeye olan etkilerine odaklanmıştır. Ancak demokrasinin dış ticaret ve küreselleşme üzerindeki etkilerinin yönü ve derecesi konusunda henüz bir mutabakatın sağlanamadığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, demokrasi ve dış ticaret ilişkisini OECD ve MENA ülkeleri için analiz etmektedir. Genişletilmiş çekim modelinin kullanıldığı çalışmada, OECD ve MENA ülkeleri için dış ticaret ve demokrasi ilişkisi 1997- 2006 dönemi için test edilmiştir. Genişletilmiş çekim modeli analizi sonucuna göre; demokrasi, ülkeler arasındaki ikili ticareti önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. JEL Sınıflaması: P50, F13, F14, C23

Democracy and trade: the case of OECD and MENA countries

Economic effects of democracy have been the major topic the scientists have been discussing for a long time. We consider that this discussion aroused again after 1980s in which globalization and liberalization efforts came to the agenda. The discussion specifically focused on the effects of democracy on the trade between the countries and globalization. However, there is no consensus on the direction and the degree of the effects of democracy on foreign trade and globalization. This study analyses democracy and foreign trade relationship for OECD and MENA countries. In this study, using augmented gravity model, the relationship between foreign trade and democracy analyzed for OECD and MENA countries for the period of 1997-2006. According to the results from augmented gravity analysis, democracy affects the bilateral trades between countries to a large extend. JEL Classification: P50, F13, F14, C23

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