İPEĞİN SERÜVENİNDE TÜRK TOPLULUKLARININ BELİRGİNLEŞMEMİŞ ROLÜ

İnsanlığın ipek ile etkileşimi beş bin yıl kadar öteye gider. İpekçilik nesiller boyu tevarüs eden ve büyük bir tecrübe ve bilgi birikimi gerektiren iştigal alanıdır. Dikkatleri çekmemiş olsa da ipek yetiştiriciliğinin yayıldığı alanların Türk topluluklarının yaşadığı ve tarihi istikametlerindeki şehirler olması ilgi çekicidir. Diğer taraftan İpek Yolu’nun başlangıcı ve sistemli ticaretin ortaya çıkması ile ilgili paradigmalar da neden-sonuç ilişkisine bağlı varsayım ve hipotezleri kurgulayabilmek açısından kifayetsiz kalmaktadır. İpek Yolu araştırmalarında ticareti organize eden yetenekli atlı göçebelere atıf vardır. Ancak bozkırın atlı göçebeleri İpek Yolu’nun adeta kayıp oyuncularıdır. Esasında güzergâh; aralarında soy, dil bağları olan ve Orta Asya’nın fiili sahipleri konumundaki sayısız Türk topluluğunun topraklarından geçmekteydi. Türkler ticaret için atalarından devraldıkları iyi bir arka plana sahiptiler. Yerleşik kültürlerin vergilendirilmesi zamanla İpek Yolu ticaretini doğurdu. Çin ile başlatılan at karşılığı ipek ticareti, Türkleri Orta Asya’nın gelmiş geçmiş en zengin göçebeleri haline getirdi. Bunlara rağmen ipeğin serüveninde en az bilinen aktör Türklerdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İpek, İpek Yolu, Uygurlar, Soğdlular, atlı göçebeler.

The Unclarified Role of Turkic Communities in the Adventure of Silk

Humanity's interaction with silk goes back as far as five thousand years. Seri culture is an occupation that has been inherited for generations and requires a great deal of experience and knowledge. Although it does not attract attention, it is interesting that the areas where sericulture spread are the cities where Turkish communities lived and spread throughout history. On the other hand, the paradigms related to the beginning of the Silk Road and the emergence of systematic trade are also inadequate. Silk Road studies point to skilled cavalry nomads organizing trade. However, the horse nomads of the steppe are almost lost players of the Silk Road. In fact, the route; It was passing through the lands of numerous Turkish communities, who were the de facto owners of Central Asia. The Turks had a good background for trade, which they inherited from their ancestors. The taxation of settled cultures eventually gave birth to the Silk Road trade. The silk trade for horses initiated with China made the Turks the richest nomads of Central Asia ever. Despite these, the least known actor in the adventure of silk is the Turks.

Keywords:

silk, Silk Road, Uighurs, Sogdians, horseman nomadics.,

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