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Apollonis: Kuzeydoğu Lydia’da bir Makedon kolonisi

Apollonis antik kentinin kalıntıları bugün Manisa’nın Akhisar İlçesi’ne bağlı Mecidiye/Palamut Köyü’nün 2 km kuzeyindeki Konurca Kalesi mevkiinde bulunmaktadır. Adını Pergamon kralı I. Attalos’un eşi ve II. Eumenes ile II. Attalos’un anneleri olan Kyzikoslu kraliçe Apollonis’ten alan kent, II. Eumenes (İ.Ö. 197 – 159) döneminde bir synoikismos ile kurulmuştur. Eldeki epigrafik ve nümismatik kanıtlar yeni kurulan kentin nüfusundaki asıl unsurun bölgede varlıkları bilinen Makedon kolonistler olduğunu göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla kenti bir Makedon kolonisi olarak adlandırmak uygundur. Kentin Makedon kimliğini Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi boyunca koruduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Kaynaklarda kentin adının gerek Aristonikos Ayaklanması gerekse I. Mithridates Savaşı ile ilgili olarak anılması kentin stratejik ve askeri önemini kanıtlamaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra kentin sahip olduğu verimli araziler dolayısıyla önemli bir tarımsal üretim merkezi olduğu görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak Apollonis’in İ.Ö. 2. ve 1. yüzyıllardaki siyasal, sosyal ve ekonomik tarihinin bütüncül bir bakış açısı ile ele alınması Kuzeydoğu Lydia ve yakın çevresinin Hellenistik döneminin aydınlatılması kadar Attaloslar ve Seleukosların kolonizasyon politikalarının anlaşılması bakımından oldukça önemlidir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Apollonis, Lydia, Makedonlar, Attaloslar, Seleukoslar

APOLLONIS: A MACEDONIAN COLONY IN NORTHEAST LYDIA

Today the ruins of Apollonis are located on the locality called Konurca Kalesi, 2 km north of Mecidiye/Palamut village in the district of Akhisar in Manisa Province. The city, which named after the Attalid queen Apollonis of Kyzikos, the wife of Attalos I and the mother of Eumenes II and Attalos II, was founded by a synoikismos under Eumenes II (197 – 159 B.C.). The available epigraphic and numismatic evidence indicate that the Macedonian colonists, whose presence in the region is well known, were an essential element in the population of the newly established city. Accordingly, it is appropriate to call the city a Macedonian colony. It is well understood that the city preserved its Macedonian identity during the Roman Imperial Period. The mention of the city’s name in the sources related both to the revolt of Aristonikos and to the First Mithridatic War proves its strategic and military significance. Moreover, it is seen that the city was an important agricultural production center because of its fertile lands. Consequently, considering the political, social and economic history of Apollonis in the 2nd and 1st centuries B.C. with a holistic perspective is quite important for elucidation of the Hellenistic period of Northeast Lydia and its close vicinity as well as understanding the Attalid and Seleucid colonization policies

Keywords:

Apollonis, Lydia, Macedonians, Attalids, Seleukids,

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