Halk sağlığı bakış açısıyla yaşlı istismarı ve ihmali

Yaşlı istismarı ve ihmali farklı boyutları olan ve sağlığın da içinde olduğu sektörlerin varlığı desteği ile önlenebilecek bir durumdur. İstismar ve ihmal yaşlıya kötü muamele kavramı içinde de değerlendirilmektedir. İstismar; fiziksel, cinsel, ekonomik, psikolojik/duygusal olabilir. Yaşlı ayrımcılığının da (ageism) bir istismar şekli olduğu kabul edilmektdir. Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından yapılan bildirimlere göre yaşlı istismarı dünyada %1-10 arasında değişen sıklıktadır. İhmalin daha sık olduğu bilinmektedir. Ancak, coğrafya, yaşam koşulları, cinsiyet, öğrenim durumu, kültürel özellikler gibi belirleyiciler istismar ve ihmal sıklığının farklılaşmasına neden olmaktadır. Yaşlı istismar ve ihmali ile mücadele için halk sağlığının iyi bilinen, klasik üç yaklaşımı (korunma, erken tanı, tedavi, rehabilitasyon hizmetleri) öne çıkmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda sağlık ve diğer sektörlerin işbirliği gerekmektedir.

Abuse and neglect of elderly in public health perspective

Elderly abuse and neglect is a specific case which has different dimensions and which can be prevented with the support of various sectors including health. Abuse and neglect are considered in the context of maltreatment to elderly people. Abuse may be physical, sexual, economic or psychological/emotional. Discrimination against the elderly (ageism) is also accepted as form of abuse. The United Nations reports that the prevalence of elderly abuse varies from 1 to 10% around the world. Neglect is more commonly observed relative to abuse. Both depend on various factors including regions, living conditions, sex, level of education and cultural characteristics. In the context of combating elderly abuse and neglect, three well-known and classical approaches of public health come to the fore (protection, early diagnosis-treatment and rehabilitation services). There must cooperation between health and other sectors along this line.

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