Yemeklik dane baklagillerde doku kültürü ve bitki regenerasyonu çalışmaları

Yemeklik dane baklagillerde türler ve cinsler arası uyuşmazlıklar mevcut gen havuzunu sınırlamaktadır. Bu nedenle genetik manipulasyon ve in vitro teknikleri konvansiyonel ıslaçıya yeni varyasyonlar ortaya koymak için büyük öneme sahiptir. Ayrıyca, bu tür bir yaklaşım yine ıslatıcıya süre bakımından büyük kazançlar sağlayacaktır. Yemeklik dane baklagiller, manipüle edilmesi ve iyileştirilmesi gereken bir çok karakterleri olmasına rağmen in vitro tekniklerine gösterdikleri tepki bakımından oldukça büyük zorluklar arz etmektedirler. Fakat istenmeyen karakterlerin azaltılması ve çeşitli dayanıklılık genlerinin ilgili genotipe aktarılabilmesi için tekrar edilebilir bir bitki regenerasyon metoduna ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışmada yemeklik dane baklagillerin genetik manipülasyonu üzerine yapılan çalışmaların en önemli köşe taşlarını oluşturan araştırmalar tablo halinde verilmiştir. Burada amaç, yemeklik dane baklagillerde çalışmaya başlamış veya yeni başlayacak olan araştırmacılara yol göstermek ve özellikle belirtilen cins, tür veya varyetelerde in vitro tekniklerinde kullanılması gereken en uygun bitki kısımları, besin ortamları ve bitki büyüme regülatörleri kombinasyonları konularında rehberlik etmektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

taneli baklagiller, kallus, gençleştirme, doku kültürü, mikroçoğaltma, köklenme

Tissue culture and plant regeneration in grain legumes: A review

The available gene pool in grain legumes is restricted by the sexual incompatibility of many interspecific and intergeneric crosses. Genetic manipulation and in vitro cultures provide substantial advantages in broadening the genetic variability and reducing the time required for introgression of new traits. Grain legumes are generally recalcitrant crops with respect to their in vitro responses and require manipulation for undesirable characters they possess. Similarly, genetic transformation of any species necessitates a reproducible plant regeneration system. This study was intended to give an initial guidance, to researchers on grain legumes, about the most appropriate explant, medium and plant growth regulator combination for a given species. All previous works were summarised in table.

Keywords:

grain legumes, callus, regeneration, tissue culture, micropropagation, rooting,

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