The effects of the level and timing of nitrogen fertilization on the grain yield and quality of irrigated winter durum wheat

Bu araştırma sulu koşullarda kışlık makarnalık buğdayın (Triticum durum L. cvs. Kızıltan-91) verim ve kalitesini geliştirmek için optimum azot dozu ve uygulama zamanını belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Araştırma 1997-1998 ve 1998-1999 sezonlarında olmak üzere Konya ekolojik şartlarında iki yıl süreyle yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada beş farklı azot dozu (kontrol, 50, 100, 150 ve 200 N kg/ha) ve üç farklı uygulama zamanının (1. tamamı ekimde 2. 1/2 ekimde + 1/2 sapa kalkma döneminde 3. 1/3 ekimde + 1/3 sapa kalkmada + başaklanma öncesi) etkisi incelenmiştir. İlk ve ikinci üretim yıllarında, sırasıyla en yüksek tane verimi kontrole göre 3490 kg/ha 'dan 4540 kg/ha 'a ve 3060 kg/ha'dan 4150 kg/ha'a yükselmiş, en yüksek verim artışı 150 kg N/ha uygulamasından elde edilmiştir (P

Anahtar Kelimeler:

tane, sulu koşullar, verim, kalite, uygulama oranı, uygulama zamanı, Triticum durum, makarnalık buğday, azot

Sulu koşullarda kışlık makarnalık buğdayda azot miktarı ve uygulama zamanının verim ve kalite üzerine etkisi

To improve grain yield and quality of irrigated winter durum wheat (Triticum durum L. ev. Kızıltan-91), this study was conducted to determine the optimal amount and timing of nitrogen fertilization. Experiments were carried out in 1997-98 and 1998-99 growing seasons with irrigated winter durum wheat in Konya Region, Central Anatolia, Turkey. The amounts of nitrogen were 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha'1 versus control. Timings of nitrogen were "the all at sowing", "1/2 at sowing + 1/2 at stem elongation ", and "1/3 at sowing + 1/3 at stem elongation + 1/3 at boot stage ". The highest grain yield was obtained with the applications of 150 kg N $ha^{-1}$ increasing from 3490 and 3060 kg. $ha^{-1}$ to 4540 and 4150 kg. $ha^{-1}$ in 1997-98 and 1998-99 seasons, respectively (P<0.01). Split applications of nitrogen increased the grain yield over the single application, the all at sowing. Grain yield for the two seasons were 4380 and 4050 kg $ha^{-1}$ in the third application timing while it was 3870 and 3600 kg ha'1 in the first application timing (all at sowing), respectively (P<0.01). Protein concentration was increased (3 %) by nitrogen application. Split application of nitrogen increased (1 %) protein concentration over single application.

Keywords:

grain, irrigated conditions, yields, quality, application rates, application date, Triticum durum, durum wheat, nitrogen,

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