Bağ(ım)lı Bireyden Yorgun Bireye: Dijital İletişim Çağında Sosyal Ağ Yorgunluğu

Mobil bilgi teknolojisinin hızlı gelişimi ve akıllı cihazların günden güne gelişmesiyle birlikte özellikle akıllı telefonlar ve sosyal medya uygulamaları iletişim süreçlerini ve daha birçok dinamiği değişime uğratmıştır. Kişilerarası iletişim ve etkileşimin büyük bir bölümünün internet ve mobil cihazlar aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmesi ve yaygın sosyal medya kullanımı, kullanıcıların paylaşılan içerikleri anında takip etme, sürekli etkileşim halinde olma gibi kaygılar taşıyarak bu platformlara olan bağ(ım)lılığını arttırmış ve bu artış birtakım endişeleri de beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu bağlamda, günlük hayattaki tüm insani süreçlerin dijitalize olmasıyla, sosyal ağ platformlarının “aşırı” kullanımı çeşitli yorgunluklara yol açmıştır. Bu çalışmanın odağında bulunan, dijital çağın yeni salgını olarak nitelendirilen sosyal ağ yorgunluğu da bunlardan biridir. Bu makalede, dünyanın karşılıklı bağımlı ve bağlı olduğu bir dönemin zorunlu bir sonucu olarak artan sosyal ağ yorgunluğunu temel kavramlar ve güncel bulgular ışığında irdelemek amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla öncelikle, sosyal ağ yorgunluğu üzerinde durulmuş ve ilgili kavramlar tanımlanmıştır. Ardından teknostres, gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu (FOMO), infobezite gibi bağlı çağın sendromlarının sosyal ağ yorgunluğu ile ilişkisi üzerinde durulmuştur. Ve son olarak, sosyal ağ yorgunluğu bağlamında geliştirilen çeşitli öneriler ile çalışma tamamlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada, her an ve her yerde bağ(ım)lı olmanın bir sonucu olarak sosyal ağ yorgunluğu eğiliminde bir artış olduğu, sosyal medya platformlarının aşırı kullanımının yarattığı sosyal medya yorgunluğunun, literatürdeki ilgili kavramlarla nasıl ilişkilendiği, hangi öncüller ve sonuçlar üzerinden ele alındığı güncel araştırma bulguları doğrultusunda ele alınmıştır. Aynı zamanda bu yorgunluğun kullanıcılarda yarattığı hasarın, son derece önemli psikolojik ve toplumsal sorunlara, kişilerarası iletişim sürecinin olumsuz etkilenmesine neden olduğu ortaya konmuştur.

From the Connected Individual to the Tired Individual: Social Network Fatigue in the Age of Digital Communication

With the rapid development of mobile information technology and the development of smart devices, particularly smartphones and social media applications, have changed communication processes and many other dynamics. The fact that a large part of interpersonal communication and interaction takes place through the internet and mobile devices, as well as the widespread use of social media, has increased users' reliance on these platforms, with concerns such as immediate access to shared content and constant interaction, and this increase has brought with it a number of concerns. In this regard, with the digitalization of all human processes in daily life, the "excessive" use of social networking platforms has led to various forms of fatigue. Social network fatigue, which is the focus of this study, is one of these fatigues. In light of basic concepts and current findings, this study aims to examine the growing social network fatigue, which is an unavoidable consequence of a world that is interdependent and interconnected. For this purpose, firstly, social network fatigue is emphasised and related concepts are defined. Then, the relationship between syndromes of the connected age such as technostress, fear of missing out (FOMO), infobesity and social network fatigue was emphasised. Finally, the study was completed with various recommendations developed in the context of social network fatigue. As a result, in this study, it is discussed in line with current research findings that there is an increase in the social network fatigue tendency caused by being connected anytime and anywhere, how social media fatigue resulting from excessive use of social media platforms is linked to related concepts in the literature, and through which antecedents and consequences it is addressed. At the same time, it has been shown that the damage caused by this fatigue in users causes

___

  • Acar, N. (2022). Sosyal ağ yorgunluğunun öncülleri: Bir model önerisi. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayınlanmış Doktora Tezi. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp adresinden alındı.
  • Agboola, A., & Olasanmi, O. (2016). Technological stressors in developing countries. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 6(4), s. 248-259. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2016.64025 .
  • Aggrawal, N. A. (2022). Social networks modelling and analysis. CRC Press.
  • Aktaş, F., Çeken, C., & Erdemli, Y. (2016). Nesnelerin interneti teknolojisinin biyomedikal alanındaki uygulamaları. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 4(1), s. 37-54. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/dubited/issue/24381/258447 adresinden alındı.
  • Altman, I. (1977). Privacy regulation: culturally universal or culturally spesific? Journal of Social Issues, 33(3), s. 66-84. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1977.tb01883.x
  • Baker, Z., Kriger, H., & LeRoy, A. (2016). Fear of missing out: Relationships with depression, mindfulness, and physical symptoms. Translational Issues in Psychological Science, 3(2), s. 275-282. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/tps0000075
  • Bastos, M. (2022). Spatializing social media social networks online and offline. Routledge.
  • Becker, M., Alzahabi, R., & Hopwood, C. (2013). Media multitasking is associated with symptoms of depression. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 16(2), s. 132-135. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0291
  • Binark, M., & Bayraktutan, G. (2013). Ayın Karanlık Yüzü: Yeni medya ve etik. Kalkedon Yayınları.
  • Boksem, M., Meijman, T., & Lorist, M. (2005). Effects of mental fatigue on mental fatigue on attention: an ERP study. Cognitive Brain Research, 25(1), s. 107-116. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.011
  • Boyd, D.M., & Ellison, N. (2007). Social network sites: definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), s. 210-230. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x
  • Bright, L., & Logan, K. (2018). Is my fear of missing out (FOMO) causing fatigue? Advertising, social media fatigue,and the implications for consumers and brands. Emeral Insight, 8(5), s. 1213-1227. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-03-2017-0112
  • Bright, L., Grau, S., & Kleiser, S. (2015). Too much Facebook?: An exploratory examination of social media fatigue. (44), s. 148-155. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.048
  • Brillhart, P. (2004). Technostress in the workplace managing stress in the electronic workplace. Journal of American Academy of Business, 5(1), s. 302-307. https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1741566 adresinden alındı
  • Cao, X., N, A., Ghulam, K., naseer, Z., & A, K. (2018). The stimulators of social media fatigue among students: role of moral disengagement. Journal of Educational Computing, 57(5), s. 1-25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0735633118781907
  • Chaudri , A., & Behan, O. (2000). Fatigue and basal ganglia. Journal of Neurological Sciences, 179(1), s. 34-42. https://doi.org/doi: 10.1016/s0022-510x(00)00411-1.
  • Çoklar, A., & Şahin, Y. (2011). Technostress levels of social network users based on ICTs in Turkey. European Journal of Social Science, 23(2), s. 171-182. https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkozje))/reference/referencespapers.aspx?referenceid=1741575 adresinden alındı
  • Data Reporter. (2023). Digital 2023 Turkey. Ağustos 29, 2023 tarihinde datareportal.com: https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2023-turkey?rq=t%C3%BCrkiye adresinden alındı
  • Dhir, A., Kaur, P., Chen, S., & Pallasen, S. (2019). Antecedents and consequences of social media fatigue. International Journal of Information Management, (48), s. 193-202. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.05.021
  • Dijk, J. (2016). Ağ Toplumu. Epsilon Yayınevi.
  • Dobryakova, E., DeLuca, J., Genova, H., & Wylie, G. (2013). Neural correlates of cognitive fatigue: cortico-striatal circuitry and effort–reward imbalance. Journal of Internatioanal Neuropsychological Society, 19(8), s. 849. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/S1355617713000684
  • Elhai, J., Yang, H., & Montag, C. (2016). Fear of missing out (FoMO): Overview, theoretical underpinnings, and literature review on relations with severity of negative affectivity and problematic technology use. Braz J Psychiatry, 43(2), s. 203-209. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0870
  • Ersöz, B., & Kahraman, Ü. (2020). Bilişim çağında bilginin değişen yüzü: İnfobezite üzerine kavramsal bir inceleme. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi, 4(2), s. 431-444. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31200/makuubd.779273
  • Eşitti, Ş. (2015). Bilgi çağında problemli internet kullanımı ve enformasyon obezitesi: Problemli internet kullanımı ölçeğinin üniversite öğrencilerine uygulanması,. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Hakemli Dergisi, 0(49), s. 75-97. https://doi.org/https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/193005/
  • Fu, S., Li, H., Liu, Y., Pirkkalainen, H., & Salo, M. (2020). Social media overload, exhaustion, and use discontinuance: Examining the effects of information overload, system feature overload, and social overload. Informaiton Processing and Management, 57(6). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2020.102307
  • Goux-Baudiment, F. (2015). Sharing our humanity with robots: What does it mean to be human? World Future Review, 6(4), s. 412-425. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1946756715569442
  • Gruet , M., Temesi, J., Rupp, T., Levy, P., Millet, G., & Verges, S. (2013). Stimulation of the motor cortex and corticospinal tract to assess human muscle fatigue. Neuroscience, 231(12), s. 384-399. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.10.058
  • Guo, W., Ren, J., Wang, B., & Zhu , Q. (2015). Effects of relaxing music on mental fatigue induced by a continuous performance task: behavioral and ERPs evidence. PLoS ONE, 10(8). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136446
  • Guo, Y., Lu, Z., Kuang, H., & Chaoyou, W. (2020). Information avoidance behavior on social network sites: ınformation irrelevance, overload, and the moderating role of time pressure. International Journal of Information Management, 52(4), s. 1-12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102067
  • Gupta, M., & Sharma, A. (2021). Fear of missing out: A brief overview of origin, theoretical underpinnings and relationship with mental health. World J Clin Cases, 19(9), s. 4881-4889. https://doi.org/:10.12998/wjcc.v9.i19.4881
  • Han, B. C. (2017). Yorgunluk Toplumu. Açılım Kitap.
  • Hardy, G., Shapiro, D., & Borrill, C. (1997). Fatigue in the workforce of National Health Service Trusts: Levels of symptomatology and links with minor psychiatric disorder, demographic, occupational and work role factors. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 43(1), s. 83-92. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3999(97)00019-6
  • Herman, D. (2000). Introducing short-term brands: A new branding tool for a new consumer reality. Journal of Brand Management, 7(5), s. 330-340. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.2000.23
  • Kucur, A. B. (2022). İnfobezite: X ve Y kuşaklarına yönelik bir araştırma. Kafkas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 211(29), s. 211-236. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56597/kausbed.1079226
  • Leung, K., Jiang, F., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Efficient and flexible compression of very sparse networks of big data carson. Springer.
  • Lin, j., Lin , S., Turel, O., & Xu, F. (2020). The buffering effect of flow experience on the relationship between overload and social media users’ discontinuance intentions. Telematics and Informatics, 49(C). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2020.10137
  • Lokke, E. (2018). Mahremiyet: Dijital toplumda özel hayat. Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Love, T., Laier, C., Brand, M., Hatch, L., & Hajela, R. (2015). Neuroscience of internet pornography addiction: Areview and update. Behavioral Sciences, 5(3), s. 388-433. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org /10.3390/bs5030388
  • Malik, A., Dhir, A., Kaur, P., & Johri, A. (2020). Correlates of social media fatigue and academic performance decrement: a large cross-sectional study. Information Technology & People, 34(2), s. 1-24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-06-2019-0289
  • Moran, N., & Ronald, P. (2011). Social marketing meets interactive media. 30(5), s. 815-838. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2501/IJA-30-5-815-838
  • Morris, J. (2003). Tales of technology: consider a cure for pernicious infobesity. Nisan 9, 2023 tarihinde Pittsburgh Post Gazette: ttp://www.post-gazette.com/pg/03089/169397.stm adresinden alındı
  • Oxford. (2023). Oxford dictionary. Mart 30, 2023 tarihinde https://dictionary.cambridge.org/tr/s%C3%B6zl%C3%BCk/ingilizce/fomo adresinden alındı
  • Özdemir, Ş., & Gülseçen, S. (2015). Aşırı bilgi artışının bilgiye erişim sürecindeki etkileri: İstanbul Üniversitesi enformatik bölümü örneği. Journal of Research in Education and Teaching, 4(3), s. 334-344. http://www.jret.org/FileUpload/ks281142/File/37.sebnem_ozdemir.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Pasquier, M., & Villeneuve, J. (2007). Organizational barriers to transparency: A typology and analysis of organizational behaviour tending to prevent or restrict access to information. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 73(1), s. 147-162. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852307075701
  • Peper, E., & Richard, H. (2018). Digital Addiction: Increased Loneliness, Anxiety,and Depression. Neuro Regulation, 5(1), s. 3-8. https://doi.org/doi:10.15540/nr.5.1.3
  • Piper, B., Lindsey, A., & Dodd, M. (1987). Fatigue mechanisms in cancer patients: developing nursing theory. Oncology Nursing Forum, 14(6), s. 904-914. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3320981/ adresinden alındı
  • Przybylski, A., Murayama, K., DeHann, C., & Gladwell, V. (2013). Motivationalemotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), s. 1841-1848. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.02.014
  • Ravindran, T., Yeow Kuan, A., & Hoe Lian, D. (2014). Antecedents and effects of social network fatigue. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 65(11), s. 2306-2320. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23122
  • Romani, A. (2008). The treatment of fatigue. Neurological Sciences, (29), s. 247-249. https://doi.org/doi: 10.1007/s10072-008-0952-z.
  • Society, I. (2015). The Internet of Things an Owerview: Understanding the Issues and Challanges of a More Connected World. www.ınternetsociety.org.
  • Song, X., Zhang, X., Zhao, Y., & Song, S. (2017). Fearing of missing out (FoMO) in mobile social media environment: Conceptual development and measurement scale. iConference 2017 Proceedings. Urbana. https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/items/101761.
  • Svantesson, D. J. (2013). Improving accessibility to research findings in law. Alternative Law Journal, 38(4), s. 260-264. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1037969X1303800412
  • Sweller, J. (2011). Cognitive load theory. Psychology of Learning and Motivation, (55), s. 37-76. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-387691-1.00002-8
  • Tandon, A., Dhir, A., Almugren, l., AlNemer, G., & Mantymaki,, M. (2021). Dark consequences of social media-induced fear of missing out (FoMO): Social media stalking, comparisons, and fatigue. Technological Forecasting & Social Change(171), s. 782-821. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120931
  • Tarhan, N., & Nurmedov, S. (2013). Bağımlılık: Sanal veya Gerçek Bağımlılıkla Başa Çıkma. Timaş Yayınları.
  • Technopedia. (2011). Definition of social media fatigue. Mart 29, 2023 tarihinde Technopedia: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/27372/social-media-fatigue adresinden alındı Toffler, A. (1971). Future Shock. Bantam Books.
  • Torres-Harding, S., & Jason, L. (2005). What is fatigue? History and epidemiology. MIT Press.
  • TÜİK. (2022). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Mart 30, 2023 tarihinde https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Hanehalki-Bilisim-Teknolojileri-(BT)-Kullanim-Arastirmasi-2022-45587 adresinden alındı
  • We are Social. (2022). We are Social. Mart 30, 2023 tarihinde Recrodigital: https://recrodigital.com/we-are-social-2022-turkiye-sosyal-medya-kullanimi-verileri/ adresinden alındı
  • Whelan, E., Islam, A., & Brooks, S. (2020). Is Boredom proneness related to social media overload and fatigue? a stress-strain-outcome approach. Internet Research, 30(3), s. 869-887. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/INTR-03-2019-0112
  • Wortham, J. (2011). New York Times. Nisan 25, 2023 tarihinde Feel like a wallflower? Maybe it’s your Facebook wall: https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/10/business/10ping.html adresinden alındı
  • Xiao, L., & Jian, M. (2019). Social media fatigue -Technological antecedents and the moderating roles of personality traits: The case of WeChat. (101), s. 297-310. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.001
  • Yengin, D., & Bayındır. (2019). Dijital Bağ(ım)lı (Karadağ, H. G. Ed). Dijital Hastalıklar (s. 85-116). içinde Der Yayınları.
  • Zhang, S., Zhao, L., Lu, Y., & Yang, J. (2016). Do you get tired of socializing? An empirical explanation of discontinuous usage behaviour in social network services. Information and Managament, 53(7), s. 904-914. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2016.03.006
  • Zhang, Y., Liu, Y., Li, W., Peng, L., & Yuan, C. (2020). A study of the influencing factors of mobile social media fatigue behavior based on the grounded theory. Information Discovery and Delivery, 48(2), s. 91-102. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IDD-11-2019-0084
  • Zheng, R., & Ling, H. (2021). Drivers of social media fatigue: A systematic review. Telematics and Informatics, (64), s. 1-13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2021.101696
  • Zuboff, S. (2015). Big Other: Surveillance Capitalism and the Prospects of an Information Civilization. Journal of Information Technology(30), s. 75-89. https://doi.org/doi:10.1057/jit.2015.5