Bir Sanat Formu Olarak Dijital Oyun

Etkileşimli medyanın kültür endüstrisine eklemlenmiş bir biçimi olarak gelişen ve gündelik yaşamda eğlence kültürüyle ilişkisi içinde yaygınlaşan dijital oyunların sanat alanı içinde düşünülmesi kuramsal düzeyde farklı bir tartışmayı başlatmış oldu. Dijital medyanın bir parçası olan dijital oyunlar dijital ve etkileşimli sanatın bir biçimi veya aracı olarak yeniden kurulabilir miydi? Bu tartışma ‘büyük’ oyunların kitleselleştiği ve endüstri tarafından önerilen tür ve kalıplara sıkıştığı bir dönemde üretilmeye başlanan bazı ‘küçük’ oyunların eleştirel, alternatif, sanatsal ve bağımsız gibi tanımlarla kategorilendirilmesi ve deneyimlenmesi ile birlikte devam etti. Bu araştırmanın odağında dijital oyunların sanat alanı ile kurduğu ilişkilerin belirlenmesi, sınıflandırılması ve kristalize edilmesi amacı yer almıştır. ‘Dijital oyun sanat mıdır, yoksa değil midir’ tartışmasının ötesinde bu ilişkinin nitelikleri irdelenmiştir. Dijial oyun medyasını sanat yapıtı veya deneyiminin bir parçası olarak kullanan sanatçılar; var olan bir dijital oyuna donanım ve/veya yazılım düzeyinde müdahale ederek dönüştüren / yapı-bozan ve etkileşimli veya etkileşimsiz ‘oyun sanatı’ üreten sanatçılar ve doğrudan ‘sanat oyunu’ üreten sanatçı/ tasarımcı veya kolektifler oyun ile sanat ilişkisinin üç farklı ayağı olarak bulgulanmıştır. Araştırma ‘sanatsal bir ifade aracı olan’ ve doğrudan ‘bir sanat formu olan’ dijital oyun yapıtlarını da birbirinden ayırarak dijital oyun eğer bir sanat ise bu sanatın dilini oluşturan estetik kategorilerin neler olabileceğini tartışmaya açmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Dijital, Oyun, Sanat, Etkileşimlilik, Medya

Digital Game as an Art Form

Consideration of digital games developed as a form of interactive media articulated to cultural industry and pervaded in daily life with its relation to entertainment culture in an art space initiated a theoretical discussion. Was that possible to reconstruct digital games, a part of digital media, as a tool or form of digital and interactive art? This discussion was prolonged in an era where ‘big’ games were massified and categorized by industrial genres, with the experience of some ‘small’ games described and categorized as critical, alternative, artistic or independent. This research focused on determination, classification and crystallization of the existing relations between games and art. Beyond ‘Are digital games art or not’ discussion, qualities of this relation are analyzed. As a result, artists using digital game medium as a part of their artwork or experience; artists producing interactive or non-interactive ‘game art’ transforming/de-constructing by modifying an existing digital game’s software and/or hardware and artist / designer or collectives producing directly ‘artgames’ are founded. Separating digital game works as ‘a tool for artistic expression’ and works as ‘an art form’ from each other, this research comes up for discussion the aesthetical categories which constitute the language of this new art, when we accept digital games as an artform.

Keywords:

Digital, Game, Art, Interactivity, Media,

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