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MİZRAHİ YAHUDİLERİ VE İSRAİL’DEKİ SOSYO KÜLTÜREL DURUMLARI

İsrail’deki Yahudi topluluğu özellikle 1950’lerden sonra birçok ülkeden alınan göçler neticesinde Ortadoğu ve Avrupa Yahudilerinden oluşan heterojen hatta çatallaşmış bir yapı hâline gelmiştir. Bugün İsrail’de Aşkenaziler, Sefardiler, Mizrahiler, Falaşalar, Samiriler ve Karailer olmak üzere birçok Yahudi grubun varlığından söz edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte oryantalist perspektifin etkisinde Batı ve Doğu şeklinde genel bir ayrıma gidilerek Yahudi gruplar arasında ikili bir taksim de yapılmaktadır. İlk grup Batı’yı temsil ettiği düşünülen Aşkenaziler, ikinci grup ise Doğu kültürünü temsil ettiği düşünülen ve genel itibariyle Mizrahiler adı altında toplanan Yahudilerden oluşmaktadır. Bu iki grup arasında İsrail’e ilk yerleştikleri zamandan itibaren süregelen sosyal, siyasi, iktisadi ve hatta kimi zaman dini meselelerde anlaşmazlık söz konusudur. Çalışmamızda iki grup hakkında bilgi verildikten sonra aralarındaki temel ihtilaf konularının nedeni üzerinde durulması hedeflenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İsrail, Çatışma, Yahudi, Aşkenazi, Mizrahi, Sefardi, Çatışma

Mizrachim and Their Socio-Cultural Status in Israel

The Jewish community in Israel has become a heterogeneous and even forked structure composed of Middle Eastern and European Jews as a result of immigration from several countries, especially after the 1950s. Today, we hear of existence of different Jewish groups like Ashkenazim, Sephardim, Mizrachim, Falashim, Samirim, and Karaim in Israel. But, it is generally divided binary as West and East under the influence of orientalist perspective. The first of them is Ashkenazim and it is thought that they represent Western culture; the second one is Mizrachim and it is thought that they represent Eastern culture. There have been the social, political, economic and sometimes religious conflict between these two groups since they immigrated to Israel. In this essay, we will first inform about these two groups and then focus on their main matter of conflict and its reason with examples in daily life.

Keywords:

Israel, Jew, Ashkenazi, Mizrachi, Sepharad, Conflict,

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