Bir Şehircilik Problemi: Değişen İklimde Termal Konforu Sağlamak

Bu makale, iklim değişikliği ile birlikte kentlerde artan termal konfor probleminden yola çıkarak, kentlerin iklim duyarlı tasarım yaklaşımıyla daha dirençli hale getirilebileceğini savunmaktadır. Türkiye kentlerinde süregelen kentleşme dinamiklerini iklime duyarlılık açısından eleştiren çalışma, hakim planlama uygulamalarının iklim değişikliğine uyum ve iklim değişikliği ile mücadele hedeflerine yeterince uyum gösteremediğinin altını çizmektedir. Araştırma, Mardin kentinin Artuklular döneminde örüntülenmeye başlayan geleneksel kent dokusu ve Cumhuriyet sonrası gelişen modern kent dokusu arasında karşılaştırma yaparak, üretilen mekanların hem iklime uyum ve hassasiyet, hem de yerel halkın yaşam tarzı ve kentsel mekanı kullanma pratiklerine uyumu açısından değerlendirmektedir. Karşılaştırmalı alan çalışması, kent mekanının günlük yaşam pratiklerinde deneyimlenen kentsel termal konfor üzerindeki etkisini anlamak üzere kurgulanmıştır. Mardin ili örneği üzerinden yürütülen çalışma, hakim kentleşme koşullarının, iklim değişikliğinin etkileriyle beraber artması beklenen sıcaklık değerleri ve sıcak dalgası sıklıklarına karşın kentlileri kırılgan bir konumda bıraktığını göstermektedir.

An Urbanism Challenge: Provision of Thermal Comfort in Changing Climate

Taking the challenges of provision of thermal comfort as a point of departure, this paper argues that climate responsive urban design has great potential to make cities more resilient to climate change. With a concern of climate responsivity, this research brings a critical perspective on the current urbanization trends in Turkish cities and underlines the inconsistence nature of ongoing urban developments with the foreseen climate change adaptation and mitigation policies. The research is constructed based on a comparative study between the traditional urban pattern that has been developed since the Artuqids era and the contemporary urban pattern that has been developed from the 60s in the province of Mardin. The comparative study focused on responsivity of the produced urban spaces both in terms of both the climatic conditions and the ways which local people uses the urban space. While doing that, the research explored the role of urban space on the provision of urban thermal comfort in everyday life. The research revealed that existing development trends in Mardin leave citizens vulnerable to the negative effects of increasing temperature values and potential heat waves in future.

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